齊叢生 李德洪
摘 要: 為了抑制機載蓄電池充電器中主開關管開通電流上升率,降低開關損耗,控制系統EMI噪聲,利用反激變壓器設計一種無源低損開通緩沖電路。主開關管開通時,反激變壓器原邊繞組作為開通緩沖電感,降低電流上升率;關斷過程中,變壓器副邊繞組耦合原邊繞組,能量回饋給負載蓄電池組,實現變壓器磁復位并提高系統效率。分析充電電路的工作原理,給出反激變壓器的參數確定依據,設計RCD鉗位電路吸收變壓器漏感。試驗結果和仿真分析表明,該緩沖電路方案用于直升機機載蓄電池充電,效果良好。
關鍵詞: 機載蓄電池; 低損電路; 反激變壓器; 開通緩沖電路; 開關損耗; 漏感
中圖分類號: TN710?34 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1004?373X(2018)11?0115?04
Design of low?loss circuit for batteries in helicopter
QI Congsheng, LI Dehong
(China Helicopter Research and Development Institute, Jingdezhen 333000, China)
Abstract: The flyback transformer is used to design a passive low?loss turn?on snubber circuit to deduce the turn?on current rise rate of the main switch tube, reduce the switching loss and restrain the system EMI noise in the charger of airborne battery. When the main switch is turned on, the primary winding of the flyback transformer is taken as the turn?on snubber inductance to reduce the current rise rate. In the process of turn?off, the secondary winding of the transformer is coupled with primary winding to feed the energy back to the storage battery of the load, so as to realize the transformer magnetic reset and improve the system efficiency. The operation principle of the charging circuit is analyzed to give the parameter determination basis of the flyback transformer. The RCD clamp circuit was designed to absorb the leakage inductance of the transformer. The simulation analysis and experimental results show this snubber circuit can be applied to the charging of batteries in helicopter, and has perfect effect.
Keywords: airborne battery; low?loss circuit; flyback transformer; turn?on snubber circuit; switching loss; leakage inductance
隨著直升機機載蓄電池使用壽命及效率要求的提高,機載蓄電池充電技術已經開始在直升機上得以應用。但蓄電池充電器開關器件的高頻開關使得開關損耗不可避免[1?2],而過高的電流變化率(di/dt)和電壓變化率(du/dt)則會產生嚴重的電磁干擾(EMI) [3?4]。為了確保開關管能安全工作,傳統吸收緩沖電路能做到將能量從開關管內轉移出來,通過電阻轉化為熱量散掉,實質上是將開關損耗轉移到吸收緩沖電路消耗掉[5]。
本文介紹的機載蓄電池充電電路為無源低損開通緩沖電路,能將開關管開通過程中的緩沖電感能量進行回饋,在確保開關管可靠工作的同時提高了系統效率。有效抑制了開關管開通過程中的di/dt,減小開關電應力,降低EMI噪聲?!?br>