有風景 有文化 有情懷重慶民宿里的詩和遠方

□ 文/本刊記者 賀煜

“民宿”一詞，源自日本的“民宿”(音Minshuku)，隨著時間的變遷和地域的不同，民宿逐漸代表除了酒店外可供旅客住宿的地方。民宿在世界各國因環境與文化生活不同而略有差異，歐洲多是農莊式民宿(Accommodation in the Farm)經營；美國多見于居家式民宿(Homestay)或青年旅舍(Hostel)；英國則慣稱Bed and Breakfast(BNB)，即提供睡覺區域及簡單早餐。

趁著旅游的熱潮，民宿順勢而生并實現快速發展。以大名鼎鼎的共享住宿Airbnb平臺為例，2008年誕生在舊金山，借助互聯網快速發展，在全球各地都開設了辦事處。而今在重慶，旅游民宿“遍地開花”。有風景、有文化、有情懷；鄉村風、歐美風、文藝范兒……內容不同，風格各異。無論是繁華的鬧市一隅，還是悠遠的鄉村田園，民宿都是“詩和遠方”最美的韻腳。

The term “homestay” (“Minsu” in Chinese)derives from the “Minshuku” in Japan. As time goes by, it is gradually becoming another choice except hotel for visitors to stay. Owing to the different living environment and cultural life around the world, homestays are showing some differences: Accommodation in the Farm can be commonly seen in Europe; American Homestay or Hostel, British Bed and Breakfast(BNB) that provides sleeping areas and simple breakfast are the trend.

The booming tourism has promoted the emergence and rapid growth of homestay.Founded in San Francisco in 2008, Airbnb,a famous sharing accommodation platform,has had offices all over the world with the help of the fast-growing Internet. Today,Chongqing has become home to various tourist homestays, where one can get such fresh experiences as travelling in countryside,the West or some cultural attractions.Featuring enchanting landscape and excellent culture, these houses can leave visitors unique memories in their life. In the corner of bustling city, or in a remote and quiet countryside,homestay always represents the true beauty of poetry and the far afield.

城口縣東安鎮興田村的“巴渝民宿”

① 磁器口“山河故人館”主打民國風。

②“隱約南山”依山而建，四周林木遮掩。

大隱隱于市，鋼筋水泥中的柔軟一角

在重慶，都市旅游民宿發展速度驚人。它們大隱于市，是鋼筋水泥中的柔軟一角。主打商圈、兩江江景，特色鮮明。

解放碑一直是外地游客的首選，距離著名景點洪崖洞、朝天門、長江索道不過幾百米的距離，因此這里的民宿深受游客歡迎。位于其核心地段的“九肆”民宿對植物情有獨鐘，各種各樣的植物讓房間“活”了起來。“浮生域”為東南亞+民族混搭風格，江景大平層，270度落地窗，將最繁華的夜景盡收眼底……

④ 貓姐的“湖畔美居”有家的味道。

沙坪壩是重慶的老城區、歷史文化古區，一物一件都透著文化底蘊。位于磁器口的“山河故人館”是民國主題，茶樓和民宿結合，復式結構，由民宿主人親自設計，有穿越民國恍若隔世之感。而大學城附近的“湖畔美居”，是民宿主人貓姐將自己的閑置小屋按照個人喜好改造而成。房間清新亮麗，裝飾有貓姐的藝術畫作……客人評價“舒服到不想起床，不想出門”“有家的感覺！”

南岸南山風光秀美，民宿眾多。抗戰遺址公園旁的“隱約南山”，有花可賞，有酒邀月，有星辰相伴，有蟲鳥歡歌，是詩意的棲息。此外，南岸還有“南之山書店”“鑒寬書房”等眾多特色旅游民宿，每一處都是精致生活的體現，都是溫情的所在。

異鄉人來到山城，不論在城市和郊外，總能尋找到不同的美。賞美景、吃美食，待夜幕低垂，于喧囂中尋一處靜謐酣然入夢，不枉到過重慶。

Homestay warming people’s heart in the bustling city

In Chongqing, urban tourism homestay is growing at an astonishing speed, which serves as a corner for rest and relax. Focused on business centers and river views, these homestays stand out for their unique features.

For those who came from afar, they can always find different beautiful views in the main city of Chongqing and its countryside. After a whole day of enjoying landscape and food, it is the right thing to find out a quiet room for sleep when the night falls.

⑦ 城口“巴渝民宿”遠山的呼喚。

小隱隱于野，農村鄉野中的世外桃源

重慶鄉村的旅游民宿往往是小隱隱于野，像極了陶淵明筆下的“世外桃源”。但它們又被賦予深意—提升區域發展特色，帶動農旅、文旅產業融合，助力農村脫貧致富，實現鄉村振興。

奉節縣興隆鎮龍門村的“龍門客棧”，是市旅發委幫扶打造的高山生態避暑納涼精品民俗項目。以當地群眾的泥胚房為民宿主體，保留原有土墻、瓦頂、曬樓等外部特征，內部實現星級賓館裝潢裝飾，突出新舊視覺沖擊力，與周邊美景相得益彰。昔日落后、臟亂的貧困村，搖身一變成了漂亮的鄉村旅游景點，帶動村民脫貧致富。

⑧ 奉節縣政府將高山生態扶貧搬遷與傳統村落保護改造相結合試點民宿旅游。 攝影/張炳權

該鎮六埡村還建有奉節首個野奢村落“卡麂坪”，該村形成于270年前的清代乾隆年間，現在是奉節縣政府將高山生態扶貧搬遷與傳統村落保護改造相結合的試點示范項目。

城口縣東安鎮興田村的“巴渝民宿”古色古香，充滿文藝氣息，貧困戶變成民宿主。這里是重慶首個建成投用的“巴渝民宿”，在巫溪、酉陽、彭水等地，還有5個“巴渝民宿”項目。

“民宿經濟是當下鄉村經濟建設的一個重要載體，傳統村落可以充分利用自身文化價值大力發展民宿，獲取再生力。”重慶市旅發委黨組書記、主任劉旗表示，實施鄉村振興戰略，要重視傳統村落這塊寶，促進旅游經濟發展。

其實，旅游民宿不僅能助力脫貧致富，還與旅游景區相輔相成。萬盛黑山谷的“谷子里”民宿和北碚縉云山的“縉云小住”等就是如此，它們與旅游景區相互呼應，互為滋養。而且，民宿還成為很多年輕人創業的選擇。

“綠水青山就是金山銀山”，重慶旅游民宿是最好的印證，有山有水有故事，有詩有畫有遠方……

Homestay driving rural development in the remote countryside

The rural tourist homestay is just like “the retreat away from the world” described by the great poet Tao Yuanming. In addition, they have bear more significant meanings: to enhance regional development and the integration of agro-tourism and cultural tourism industries, to help rural poverty-stricken people out of poverty, and to realize the rejuvenation of the countryside.

“The homestay economy is an important carrier for rural economic growth. The traditional villages can make full use of their own cultural values to develop homestay featuring local specialty. By doing so,they can regain vigor for further development.” Party secretary of Chongqing Tourism Development and Reform Commission Liu Qi said.To implement the strategy of village revitalization, we should attach great importance to the treasure of traditional villages and make them into full use for homestays to promote the development of tourism economy.

In fact, tourist homestay can help not only in shaking off poverty,but also in complementing tourism scenic spots. “Guzili Homestay” in Wansheng Black Valley and “A Small homestay” in Jinyun Mountain of Beibei are such cases. They can make the local tourist spots more attractive and get a fair profit in turn. Besides, a growing number of young people are choosing to start up their businesses by operating homestay.

“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.” With beautiful landscape and excellent culture, the tourist homestay in Chongqing is a perfect prove of this saying.