人物訪談

1.您是如何在設計中保持創新和創造力的呢？

在這個日新月異的世界里，新技術、新材料和新可能性幾乎每天都會出現，我們沒有理由不去創新，我們要結合所有事物去使我們的想法具體化。創造性的理念可以來源于我們身邊所有的環境，如自然環境、人、材料、建筑結構、人與人之間的情感、關系等。人類的大腦是無限的，我們周圍有著無窮無盡富有創造力的事物。如果能認識到這一點，那么你的想法永遠不會枯竭。

2.您是如何開始設計，您的設計理念都是怎么形成的呢？

“場所精神”通常是我的靈感來源，它喚醒了我所有感官，激活了我的大腦使其形成圖像和序列，這些圖像和序列就形成了一個真正的建筑物了。通常，我會相信我對某個項目或地方的第一直覺。之后，雖然最初的想法經歷了許多階段和變化，但它始終是項目的核心。這是一種來自意識思維的建筑直覺，與功能和工程相互協調。

3.您能向中國讀者介紹一下貴國的文化和建筑環境嗎？它們在您的職業生涯中起著怎樣的作用？

雖然克羅地亞是一個相當小的國家，但它在許多領域擁有多樣性。我們有一種文化，它涵蓋了歐洲的所有歷史。克羅地亞首都薩格勒布市綿延幾百公里，有著強烈的中歐特色。克羅地亞有許多不可思議的景觀和建筑，如羅馬競技場、中世紀的防御城堡、拿破侖一世時期的基礎設施系統和道路網絡、教科文組織遺產遺址的幾件杰作以及各種當地建筑遺產?？肆_地亞的氣候和地理是一個非常重要的因素，從地中海和大陸氣候到山地氣候和景觀。豐富的文化和建筑材料為我們了解克羅地亞的遺產及建立自己的當代建筑印記奠定了重要基礎。

不過，我不得不說，雖然我們的設計并沒有追求特定的建筑風格，但都盡量把本地的環境與我們自己的設計理念結合起來。無論何時，我們都會以同樣的態度進行設計。

4.克羅地亞保持著傳統的城市風格，有許多歷史建筑。您如何處理新建筑與舊建筑和城市之間的關系？

克羅地亞的建筑師有時覺得這是一種負擔，而不是一種解脫。雖然我同意一定程度上必須保存有價值的歷史作品，但對于此我們更傾向于保存一切，有時只是因為它是以前的遺留。這不是阻礙發展和淘汰市中心和商業區當代建筑的充分理由。不容誤解的是，我并不主張殘酷地使現有的城市中心退化，但是我們的城市是有生命的實體，必須經歷改變和成長，與我們的需求和技術保持相同的發展速度。這聽起來可能很簡單，但實際上，這是一個非常復雜的遺產處理問題。

根據我們自己的經驗，我必須說，有時無法與現有的元素建立有意義的聯系，而必須在尊重古老作品的同時有自己的觀點，賦予建筑自主性。

5.您所承接的項目范圍廣泛，從小規模的建筑和獨戶住房到大型商業或文化建筑和城市摩天大樓。那么，什么樣的建筑會讓您感到更興奮？

在我看來，僅僅是建筑的大小并不是衡量其價值和重要性的真正標準。一個項目和思想流動的真正精髓是讓我們感到興奮的東西。設計的樂趣在于挑戰性，挑戰在于考慮自己的建筑敏感性和靈感的同時如何才能使項目成為指定地點和客戶的最佳項目。建筑整體令人感到興奮，當面對如此多的元素：方案、環境、理念、預算、客戶……，設計過程充滿挑戰且具壓倒性。我們一次又一次地絞盡腦汁并“耗盡”創意思維使得每一個項目都會最終成為一件實實在在的、有用的藝術品。

6.您對材料的運用新穎而豐富，如石屋“Hi?a”。您是如何進行材料的選擇和組合的？

我們使用的材料是不受時間影響的，我們之前使用過并且以后會繼續使用。建筑師必須了解它們的獨特特性和可能性，才能以一種可取的方式來深刻了解這些材料。

我們接受當地傳統的信仰，將其與我們的創意和可利用的新技術結合起來。這使得我們能以新方式使用“舊”材料。材料的本質被保留下來，而留下了當代印象。

7.您職業生涯以來遇到的最具挑戰性的項目是哪一個？可以就此談一談嗎？

對我來說沒有一個項目是最具有挑戰性的。我們的每一個項目，無論大小，都有必須處理的一個或多個具有挑戰性的因素。小型度假住宅或大型足球場的實用性、美觀或設計這幾方面都是我們日常工作的一部分。挑戰并不在于規模大小，而是內容和條件。但正如我前面所說的，挑戰是使這個職業不可思議和興奮的其中一方面。

8.您對中國建筑的印象如何？如果有機會，您希望在中國留下怎樣的作品？

十三年前，我們來過中國，這是最令人印象深刻的地方之一。雖然我們對當代中國建筑的構造并不十分熟悉，但沒什么能夠像以前和現在的中國一樣，無論是舊中國還是新中國，兩者都是極具有壓倒性的優勢。我欽佩中國奮力向前，關注未來，同時也尊重古老建筑。持續的發展和對地理邊界以外影響的開放思維就證實了中國在建筑等每一個領域都有保持領先的渴望。

在中國進行建筑創作是非凡的挑戰，僅僅是應對陌生的環境就已經很具挑戰性，而條件本身則是令人興奮的。不論規模和方案如何，我想留下一件作品，展示PROARH以何種方式符合真實的地方“場所精神”。

1. How do you maintain the constant innovation and creativity in your design?

In this ever changing world where new technologies, materials and possibilities emerge on almost a daily basis, it is hard not to be innovative and use everything on our disposal to materialize new ideas.Creative ideas in particular can be drawn from our surroundings such as nature, people, textures,structures, emotions, relationships and so on. The human mind is limitless, we have an inexhaustible content of creativity surrounding us and if you have the ability to recognize that, you can never run out of ideas.

2. How do you start a design, and how are the design concepts triggered and generated?

Genius loci is usually the trigger, it awakens all the senses and activates the creation of brain images and sequences that later take shape of a real building. Usually the very first sensation I get about a project or a place is the right one. Afterwards, the initial idea goes through many stages and changes, but it is always at the core of the project. This is a sort of an architectural intuition which is then recognized by my concious mind and it coordinates with function and engineering.

Croatia is a rather small country, but it possesses diversity in many areas. We have a culture that is a complete imprint of an overall European history. In a span of several hundred kilometers lies Zagreb,the capital with a strong middle European feel. Croatia offers many incredible sights and structures such as the roman arena, defense castles from the middle ages, Napoleonic infrastructure systems and road networks, several masterpieces on the UNESCO heritage site and large diversity of local authentic architectural heritage. Our climate and geography are a very important element that ranges from Mediterranean and continental climate to mountain climate and landscape. This abundance of cultural and architectural materials makes an important base from which we can learn about our heritage and build our own imprint of contemporary architecture.

Nonetheless I must say that we do not pursue a specific architectural style in our designs, but we try to combine local conditions and our own design ideas. We are set to apply the same attitude wherever we are called to design.

3. Could you introduce to the Chinese readers the cultural and architectural environment of your country?And what role they are playing in your career?

4. Croatia maintains the traditional city style and has many historical buildings. How do you deal with the relationship between the new buildings and the old ones and the city?

Sometimes architects in Croatia feel like this is more of a burden than a relief. I agree that there must be a certain level of preserving valuable historical pieces, but here we tend to preserve everything and sometimes only because it is old. That is not a good reason to hold up development and allow contemporary architecture to be pushed out of city centers and downtown areas. Not to be misunderstood, I do not advocate ruthless degradation of existing urban centers, but our cities are living entities and they have to grow and change in the same pace with our needs and technologies. It might sound simple but in reality it is a very complex question of approach towards heritage.

From our own experience I must say that sometimes you cannot make a meaningful relationship with an existing element and you have to make your own statement, while respecting the old, giving it an architectural autonomy.

5. Your repertoire ranges from small-scale buildings and single family houses to large commercial or cultural buildings and city skyscrapers. What kind of buildings will make you more excited?

I believe that the mere size of the building is not a true measure of its value and importance. The true essence of one project and our idea flow is what is making us excited about it. The pleasure in designing is the challenge of making it the best possible project for a designated place and client, taking into consideration our own architectural sensibility and inspiration. owevptation and Renovation of Home of Revolution in Nik?i?, Montenegro awaits the realization.Architecture overall is exciting, the design process is challenging and so overwhelming when you deal with so many elements: the program, the environment, the idea, the budget, the client…We brainstorm and ‘drain’ our creative mind over and over again with each and every project to end up with a tangible and usable piece of art.

6. Your application of materials is novel and rich, such as the stone house, Hi?a. How do you elaborate on the choice and combination of materials?

The materials we use are timeless, they were used before us and will be used long after our time. The architect must understand their unique characteristics and possibilities to master them in a wanted way.

We embrace the wisdom of the local tradition and merge it with our creative ideas and the new technologies that are available to us. That makes it possible to use ‘’old’’ materials in new ways. The essence of the material is preserved, but the impressions are contemporary.

7. Which is the most challenging project you have

encountered since you started the career? Could you say something about it?

There is no project that I could single out as the most challenging one. Every project od ours, small or big, had one or more challenging elements that we had to deal with. Functional, aesthetic or engineering struggles are a part of our daily work, in small family retreats or large football stadiums. Scale is not the challenge, the content and conditions are. But as I previously said, that is one of the things that make this profession ever surprising and exciting .

8. What's your impression of the Chinese architecture?If you have a chance, what kind of work would you want to leave in China?

We have visited Chin thirteen years ago and it is one of the most impressive destinations. Although we are not thoroughly familiar with contemporary Chinese architectural production, there is nothing like old and new China, and both are positively overwhelming. I admire the pushing forward and focus on the future, while respecting the Old. Constant growth and open-mindedness to influences out of your geographical frontiers only confirms this aspiration to exceed in every filed including architecture.

Building in china would be an extraordinary challenge, just dealing with unfamiliar surroundings,conditions is exciting by itself. No matter the size and program I would like to leave a piece that shows how PROARH coped with authentic, local genius loci.