基于分布式空時干擾對齊的MIMO干擾信道自由度研究

應騰達，馮文江，蔣衛恒，劉國嶺，姚楚楠，包濤濤

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基于分布式空時干擾對齊的MIMO干擾信道自由度研究

應騰達，馮文江，蔣衛恒，劉國嶺，姚楚楠，包濤濤

（重慶大學通信工程學院，重慶 400044）

針對個用戶MIMO干擾信道（IC），研究基于分布式空時干擾對齊（DSTIA）的信道可達自由度。利用分布式當前和過期發射端信道狀態信息（CSIT）設計預編碼，分別給出MISO系統可達自由度關于CSI反饋時延和反饋頻率的折中域；分析發射端天線數對MISO系統可達自由度的影響，導出逼近系統自由度外界的條件。進一步研究MIMO系統接收端天線數對系統自由度的影響，給出保持系統可達自由度的CSI反饋時延范圍。理論和數值分析表明，所提DSTIA方案能充分消除用戶間干擾，獲得更高的自由度增益，縮小可達界與外界的差距，提高系統的可達速率。

自由度；分布式空時干擾對齊；MIMO干擾信道；CSI有限反饋

1 引言

2 系統模型

2.1 K個用戶MIMO IC模型

個用戶MIMO IC可看成是多小區蜂窩鏈路間干擾的抽象。例如，個用戶MISO IC是個鄰近小區下行鏈路用戶間干擾的抽象。如圖1所示，個用戶MIMO IC由對發射—接收節點組成。發射端配置根天線，接收端配置根天線，。每個發射端僅向相應的接收端發送單一信息。其信號模型為

圖1 K個用戶MIMO IC模型

2.2 CSI反饋模型

假設接收端（用戶）執行預定的周期性反饋協議將CSI反饋給發射端。周期性反饋協議可以通過控制信號實現，適用于當前主流的蜂窩移動通信標準，如3GPP LTE[22]。分別考慮2個導致CSIT時延的因素——反饋時延和反饋頻率[1]。

其中，為瞬時（instantaneous）CSIT；為適當延時（temperately-delayed）CSIT；為完全延時（completely-delayed）CSIT。發射端在時隙可用的本地CSI記為，這里，。因此，發射端的發送信號向量可看作是發送信息與本地延時CSIT的函數，即，為發射端的預編碼函數。

2.3 自由度

相應地，個用戶MIMO IC在本地CSIT下的總自由度定義為

3 K個用戶MISOIC的自由度折中域

3.1 分布式空時干擾對齊

此時，各接收端觀測到一個期望信號與干擾信號疊加的線性方程。

其中，表示從中選取對應中剩余個未知數的列組成的方陣，表示去除零元素后剩余未知元素按相對位置排序的矢量。由于信道系數的獨立同分布特性，此時，每列求解出的未知元素以概率1不為0。

3.2 自由度折中域

3.2.1 反饋時延受限自由度折中域

圖5 K個用戶MISO（）IC關于反饋時延的自由度折中域

3.2.2 反饋頻率受限自由度折中域

圖6 個用戶MISO（）IC關于反饋頻率的自由度折中域

4 K個用戶MIMO IC的可達自由度

4.1 可達自由度

證明類似定理1，采用DSTIA方案獲取定理2的可達自由度。此時，式(12)可表示為

4.2 CSI有限反饋條件

圖7 最大(小)歸一化CSI反饋時延(頻率)隨接收端天線數N的變化

5 數值分析

表1 K個用戶M×1(M≥1) MISO IC不同方案下的總自由度

圖8 用戶平均可達自由度隨總體用戶數K的變化情況

2) 信道和速率

圖9 3個用戶MIMO IC天線數與平均吞吐率的關系

3) CSI有限反饋條件

圖10 3個用戶MIMO IC可達自由度折中域

6 結束語

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Degrees of freedom of MIMO interference channel with distributed space-time interference alignment

YING Tengda, FENG Wenjiang, JIANG Weiheng, LIU Guoling, YAO Chunan, BAO Taotao

College of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

In the context of-user MIMO interference channel (IC), achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) were investigated with distributed space-time interference alignment (DSTIA). By precoding with distributed current and outdated channel state information at the transmitters (CSIT), new tradeoff regions between achievable DoF and CSI feedback delay/frequency were achieved for MISO system. The impact of the number of transmit antennas on achievable DoF in the MISO system was analyzed, revealing that DoF results approach to the outer bound as the number of transmit antennas increases. Further, the impact of the number of receive antennas on achievable DoF was characterized, deriving the range of CSI feedback delay that preserves achievable DoF in the MIMO system. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that, the proposed DSTIA scheme can achieve better sum-DoFs by eliminating inter-user interference perfectly, tighten the gap between achievable DoF and outer bound, as well as improve the achievable rate of the system.

degree of freedom, distributed space-time interference alignment, MIMO interference channel, limited CSI feedback

TN919.1

A

2017-05-24；

2017-10-30

應騰達，tengdaying@cqu.edu.cn

中央高校基本科研業務費基金資助項目（No.106112016CDJXY500002）；重慶市基礎科學與前沿技術研究重點基金資助項目（No.cstc2017jcyjBX0047, No.cstc2015jcyjA40021）

10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2018017

應騰達（1991-），男，浙江永康人，重慶大學博士生，主要研究方向為MIMO無線通信、信息論等。

馮文江（1963-），男，四川西充人，重慶大學教授、博士生導師，主要研究方向為寬帶無線接入技術、認知無線電、通信信號處理等。

蔣衛恒（1985-），男，湖北枝江人，重慶大學講師，主要研究方向為無線通信與網絡、移動云計算等。

劉國嶺（1989-），男，遼寧北票人，重慶大學碩士生，主要研究方向為MIMO無線通信、全雙工等。

姚楚楠（1994-），男，湖南婁底人，重慶大學碩士生，主要研究方向為MIMO無線通信、移動邊緣計算等。

包濤濤（1993-），男，湖北孝感人，重慶大學碩士生，主要研究方向為MIMO無線通信、圖像處理等。

: The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.106112016CDJXY500002), The Key Project of Chongqing Basic Science and Advanced Technology Research (No.cstc2017jcyjBX0047, No.cstc2015jcyjA40021)