句式特征

郭菲菲

時態(tài)特征

一、陳述

1直接陳述

⑴ Earnings growth has accelerated in recent years.

⑵ That expansion reached a new high in the first quarter.

⑶ A youth revolt is upending Italian politics.

⑷ Davis has spent just 4hours in eu talks.

⑸ Mr Flannery is creating a smaller and leaner core that will focus on strategy.

⑹ Mr Davis and Michel Barner met in London in February.

新聞陳述的內(nèi)容大致有兩種，一是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，二是還未發(fā)生，但是有消息透漏即將將發(fā)生的，因此，陳述的時態(tài)基本是過去時和將來時。

在過去時中，作者會采取兩種處理方法，或單純對發(fā)生的事件進行報道，或聯(lián)系新聞事件主體的過去表現(xiàn)綜合進行報道。前者用一般過去時，后者用現(xiàn)在完成時。舉個例子，一家公司股票大跌，這時作者可以單純的敘述股價暴跌這個事實，也可以綜合該公司以往的業(yè)績表現(xiàn)。

2引用

⑴“France which is not a country of first arrival，will not ope such controlled centers ”

⑵“Yesterday ，we saw what happens when someone tries to impose a veto on everything and how unpleasant it was ”

⑶“Hopefully people will understand Russian is not just the people who take foreign policy decisions ”

⑷“We have had six months where markets have been in a noisy sideways pattern ”

⑸“The future of the industry is in definite jeopardy. ”said George Flint

間接引用中，被引用者評論的可以是過去，現(xiàn)在，未來，可以帶主觀情感，可以相對客觀。因此，時態(tài)多種多樣，不一而

二、評論

1 Earnings growth is expected at 19% in the second quarter，21% in

the third quarter.

2 A peak in earning growth does not always signal that rallies are about to fizzle.

3 Many new engine technologies are unlikely to find their way into other types of vehicles.

4 Events this month seem to signal the end of the era，

5 Once again，the death knell is sounding for conglomerates，.

6 GE may one day consider the time has come to branch out again.

7 There are obvious problems with these ideas.

8 There will never be a magic solution.

9 What then are the possible sources of an adverse hit to growth？

評論，即對某一事件的評價論斷，它可以反映評論者對此事件的反應(yīng)，看法；也可以使評論者對未來的猜測。因為是立足于當(dāng)下的評論，因此，從時態(tài)上看，多為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。

一般將來時的表現(xiàn)形式多種多樣，可以是以will， be going to do引導(dǎo)的；可以是may might could這類帶有情態(tài)動詞的句子，可以是用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時態(tài)，也可以帶有probably be unlikely to這種明顯標志詞。

句式特征

一、定語結(jié)構(gòu)

定語從句

1 First off the starter was ford which in many began selling a diesel F-150.

2 Kazuo Kshio who helped found one of Japans most defining technology brands and sell more than one billion pocket calculators.

3 The way you manage a conglomerate is that you do not manage it.

同位語

1 Li Keqiang ，the Chinese premier

2 said George Flint ，former lobbyist for the Nevada Brothel owners association and a ban opponent，

3 In the aftermath of the second world war-the same period that give birth to Song and Honda.

4 said Tuxinquan ，a trade expert at the university of International Business and Economics in Beijing，

Of結(jié)構(gòu)

1 a sign of the charged fortunes of Israels rightwing scatter movement.

2 a Trump administration policy of

3 a condition of its international bailout.

新聞的簡潔性要求新聞必須要以最簡潔的語言表達出主謂賓最基本的邏輯關(guān)系，然后在這個基礎(chǔ)上添枝加葉，這里的枝和葉就是定語，狀語等結(jié)構(gòu)。

借助英語中定語從句，同位語結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞短語我們可以修飾新聞中的人物，事件等。這樣新聞的語言層次就更豐富了。

二、狀語結(jié)構(gòu)

時間狀語從句

1This week global share market swooned as the prospect of sino -American trade war intensified.

2While ructions over trade war have created economy noise to interfere with the clear signals.

3When Italy descended into a crippling recession，he felt betrayed by the traditional Italian left-wing parties.

條件狀語從句

1If the president decides to leave the deal ，he ，must provide formal notice of intent to withdraw.

2Without NAFTA （North American Free Trade） trade among the countries would be governed by the rules.

3Assuming no overallotment of shares（超額配股權(quán)）

三、賓語結(jié)構(gòu)

1 They suggest companies are unlikely to put a sudden drop off in earning for now.

2 Industry officials say companies are unlikely to abandon their innovations，

3 Their German chancellor said she had concluded bilateral arrangements with Greece and Spain.

4 Mr Barner yesterday warned that huge and serious differences have to be overcome in exit talks，

5 Officials speculated that the MHP might be given control of a key ministry.

6 Mr Erdogen has acknowledged his debt to the ultranationalists.

7 The supreme recent discussion shows that how high stakes are.

8 I am not sure how likely this is.

9 I am confident that we would all benefit from this business.

10 The federal reserve indicated that on web net it expects to raise interst rates.

常見的賓語從句有以下幾種：

a主語是人，謂語是say，warn，suggest，reject，agree，speculate，insist等表示說的動詞。

b主語是事，謂語是reflect，show，indicate等分析現(xiàn)象的評論性動詞。

c主語是人，謂語是be concerned about，be sure of，be confident about

等表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞。

四、物做主語

1 Goldman Sachs（高盛投資公司）bankers have been investing the firms money in start ups.

2 The result laid bare a stark generation gap.

3 The same patterns appear across Southern Europe.

4 The Fed banned Deutsches US holding company.

6 Amazon ramps up pla to disrupt pharmacy.

7 Global equity funds experienced a weekly record of 8.1billion.

在以上的例子中我們可以看到，在新聞英語中，除了人，公司，結(jié)果，狀態(tài)，都可以做主語。

我們重點分析組織充當(dāng)主語的情況，在例子1，4，6，7中，都是組織做主語，看似物做主語，其實不然，組織是有很多人組成的，這里的組織類似一個集合名詞，考慮到新聞的簡潔，編輯者往往用公司名稱直接代表這些成員，新奇有趣。