萬隆：西爪哇省首府“萬隆精神”發源地

萬隆：西爪哇省首府“萬隆精神”發源地

萬隆（Bandung）古稱“勃良安”，意為“仙之國”，現名意為“山連山”。它是西爪哇首府、印尼第三大城市，位于印度尼西亞爪哇島西部海拔715米的萬隆盆地中，四面群峰環繞，植物繁茂，環境優美。雖地近赤道，但因地勢較高，氣候涼爽，空氣清新。年平均氣溫23℃。萬隆景色秀麗，清靜幽雅，四季如春，被譽為印尼最美麗的城市，素有“爪哇的巴黎”之稱。

萬隆是“萬隆精神”的發源地。1955年4月18日至24日，第一次亞非會議在萬隆舉行，史稱萬隆會議。這是亞非國家第一次在沒有西方殖民國家參加下自行召開的大規模國際會議，共有29個亞非國家和地區的政府代表團參加。會議一致通過了《亞非會議最后公報》，提出了以和平共處五項原則為基礎的萬隆十項原則作為國與國之間和平共處、友好合作的準則。會議所反映的亞非人民團結反帝、反殖，爭取和維護民族獨立，增強各國人民之間友誼的精神，被人們稱之為“萬隆精神”，萬隆也因此馳名于世。

2015年4月，在印度尼西亞參加亞非領導人會議的各國領導人來到萬隆，紀念萬隆會議召開60周年。中國國家主席習近平和夫人彭麗媛出席紀念活動。與會領導人集體合影，重溫萬隆會議十項原則，觀看了“亞非會議之旅1955—2015”紀念視頻，欣賞了充滿印尼民族風情的文藝表演。亞非領導人會議4月23日下午在雅加達閉幕。閉幕式上，與會各國領導人通過了《2015萬隆公報》《重振亞非新型戰略伙伴關系宣言》《巴勒斯坦問題宣言》3份成果文件。

(Photo from Quanjing Gallery)

From May 6 to May 8, 2017, Governor Ahmed Gea Wan of West Java of Indonesia led a delegation to visit Chongqing with his entourages including Abdullah Harris Bobbi, Deputy Speaker of the Parliament and the heads of the department of transportation, investment and international cooperation. On May 8, Zhang Guoqing, Mayor of Chongqing, met with Governor Ahmed Gea Wan and his entourages and exchanges the views on how to promote the all-around exchange and cooperation between two places, jointly signing an agreement of friendly city relations. The signing of the agreement marks the offi cial establishment of friendly city relations between Chongqing and West Java. The meeting and signing ceremony were attended by Abdullah Harris Bobbi, Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of West Java and Zhang Dingyu, Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress.

According to the agreement, Chongqing and West Java will conduct a wide cooperation in the field of education, tourism, culture, trade and investment, transportation, urban and rural development as well as science and technology development to realize mutual benefi t and shared profi t. To practically promotethe successful proceeding of the exchange program under the guidance of the agreement, Tang Wen, Vice Director of the Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Offi ce of the Chongqing People’s Government, negotiated with the delegation. They all agreed that the Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the Chongqing People’s Government and the Bureau of the Government Affairs and Cooperation of West Java should take the lead in conducting mutually beneficial cooperation in the field of economy and trade, rail transit, education and tourism. During their visit in Chongqing, the delegation also inspected CRRC Chongqing Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. Xiao Jingfei, Chief Engineer of the company, introduced the development history, the product advantages and the comprehensive strength in great detail to the delegation and accompanied them to visit the assembly workshop of the new generation of cross-seat monorail products. Governor Gea Wan said this was the second time for him visit Chongqing and he had felt the rapid development of Chongqing in the past four years. Chongqing’s rail vehicle is now in eight carriages, which is the longest one he has ever seen. In addition, the delegation also visited the City Planning Exhibition Hall.

Located in the western part of Java Island of Indonesia with its northern part being Java Sea, the southern part being Indian Ocean, West Java covers an area of 4.63 million square kilometers with a population of 45.3million. The capital is Bandung. As one of the most economically developed provinces in Indonesia, West Java is the center of industry and manufacturing. Besides, the institutions of education, research, defense and security are also taking their roots there. As a big agriculture province, Java Island is one of the “rice barns” of Indonesia with its agricultural output accounting for 16% of Indonesia and its main agricultural products include rice, sweet potato, cassava, corn, coconut, tea, sugar cane, coffee and a variety of fruits and vegetables, etc. West Java ranks fi fth in the world in tea cultivation. Rich in tourism resources, West Java has more than 500 tourist attractions in the province with over 30 million visitors annually. There are 17 volcanoes and hot springs that are needed to be developed. Apart form the advantages mentioned above, West Java also possesses abundant marine, mineral and geothermal resources.

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Bandung: the Capital of West Java and the Birthplace of “Bandung Spirit”

Bandung is called “the Kingdom of Fairyland” in ancient times, which now means “the mountains link the mountains”. It is the capital of West Java, the third largest city in Indonesia. It is located in the Bandung’s basin, the western part of the Java Island with 715 meters above sea level. Surrounded by peaks, it possesses beautiful environment. Although it is close to the equator, its climate is pleasant due to the higher ground. Its annual average temperature is 23 degree centigrade. Due to its beautiful, quite and elegant scenery, Bandung is praised as the most beautiful city in Indonesia or “the Paris of Java”.

Bandung is the birthplace of “Bandung Spirit”. On April 18-April 24, 1955, the fi rst Asian-African Conference was held in Bandung, which was called Bandung Conference. That is the first largescale international conference held by Asian and African countries without the participation of western countries with more than 29 governmental delegations from the countries and regions of Asia and Africa. The Conference unanimously adopted the Final Communiqué of the Asian-African Conference and put forwarded the Ten Principles of Bandung based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which serves as the norm of dealing with the cooperative relationship among countries. The spirit refl ected in the conference that the Afro-Asian people unit together and fi ght against imperialism and colonialism, strive for and maintain national independence and enhancing the friendship between people of all countries, has been called as “The Spirit of Bandung”. Thus Bandung has been famous all over the world.

In April 2015, the leaders coming from various countries came to Bandung to attend the Asian-African Meeting held in Indonesia, commemorating the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference. Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan attended the ceremony. Together with the leaders from other countries took a group photo, they went over the Ten Principles of Bandung, watched the commemorating video “the 1955-2015 journey of the Asian-African Conference” and enjoyed the cultural performance full of the Indonesian ethnic customs. The Asian-African Leaders’Meeting came to a close in Jakarta on the afternoon of April 23. At the closing ceremony, the leaders from various countries adopted the 2015 Bandung Communiqué, the Declaration on the Renewal of the New Strategic Partnership of Asia and Africa and the Declaration on the Palestine Issues.

(Author's Unit: the Department of Asian Affairs of the Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Offi ce of the Chongqing People’s Government)

Chongqing and West Java of Indonesia Formally Establish the Friendly City Relations

□ Article/ Xie Tihong