現身說法：職業人生,從少年抓起

⊙ By Gracey & Shawn

翻譯：思葦

現身說法：職業人生,從少年抓起

⊙ By Gracey & Shawn

翻譯：思葦

艾梅：你能運營管理嗎？你能制定項目計劃嗎？你知道如何與人有效溝通嗎？

再次，尤班克斯·戴維斯與大型州立學校合作，給學生提供小班教學。她將這門課程稱為“勇氣課”，每個班由一名專業人士與三五名學生組成。對這些學生來說，這通常是他們第一次接觸到來自職場的人。我探訪了其中一個勇氣課教學點。

講師：你要確定的是，在別人說話的時候，你應該采取怎樣的站姿？這些都是做陳述時要注意的東西。我將過程錄了下來，讓你們看看自己的肢體語言。

這些學生正在學習當顧問的職業技巧，他們要解決的課題是學生負債問題。隔壁是另外一組學生，他們認為校園里的一切都應該列出明細——你應該支付體育館、學生會或者圖書館的使用費。沿著走廊一直走，這里提出的解決辦法是用一輩子的時間逐步還清學費貸款。盡管學生們就此課題提出了各種不同的對策，但是，他們對一件事的看法是一致的——

學生甲：勇氣課是我在這里上過最棒的一門課。

學生乙：選這門課太值了，哪怕要待到很晚也值得。

你將來想從事怎樣的職業？你知道你所向往的職業有什么專業要求嗎？你了解這個職業的工作狀況和發展前景嗎？一起來聽聽幾位專業人士的經驗之談吧——要知道，高中階段正是大家為今后人生鋪路的好時機！

Landscape Architect—Scott’s Story

Gracey (Host): Scott, what does landscape architecture mean?

Scott: Well, I, I asked myself the same question when I was in high school and I heard the name. It involves landscape and design of the outside and outdoor areas, and also has architectural2)components.

Gracey: What made you want to become a landscape architect?

Scott: Well, I…when I was in high school, in the summer, I worked for a landscape-3)contractor friend of my parents. And one day, after digging4)ditches and, you know, just really being out in the sun, I saw a set of drawings and blueprints. And I said, “What

1) insight [5InsaIt] n. 洞察，見識

2) component [kEm5pEJnEnt] n. 成分，部分

3) contractor [kEn5trAktE(r)] n. 承包商，承建者

4) ditch [dItF] n. 溝，溝渠are those?” And I looked and it said so-andso landscape architect. And I had kind of thought design might be something I’d be interested in. And I found that there is this career that kind of5)melds, sort of, the out-ofdoor plants and these beautiful environments with architecture and design. It was really…I went to school to specifically become that.

Food Scientist—Yael’s Story

Shawn (Host): What kind of qualities do you think it takes to be a great food scientist?

Yael: Well, you have to be6)innovative, very creative, if you wanna work in product development. And you also have to like science a little bit. You know, you have to be kind of good at math, or in chemisty, and just willing to try something new.

Yael: Well, just figure out what schools offer the program—not a lot of schools offer it. So just start looking where you can find these programs and just go from there, you know, talk to the advisors at the…those schools, or talk to somebody you know who’s in the field, and just go from there.

Sculptor—Jacob’s Story

Gracey: How did you learn the trade?

Jacob: When I was 15, my dad bought me a7)welder for Christmas. I looked at it for a few months and…always wanted to build a8)go-kart. Never built a go-kart, but made couple sculptures, sold them, and decided that was a good way to make a living, and I really enjoyed doing it.

Gracey: What’s your favorite part of your job?

Jacob: Being free to do whatever I want, to an9)extent.

Gracey: What advice would you give someone that’s interested in becoming a sculptor?

Jacob: Be really10)passionate about it, because it’s not easy. It takes a lot of work and a lot of11)dedication to really see it through. And you have your down times and you have your good times. Hold on to your good times.

為求解TrustSVD模型，文獻[6,7]采用梯度下降，考慮到梯度下降容易陷入局部最優，本文采用最小二乘法(Alternating Least Squares，ALS)優化策略.其基本思路是：對一階可導的具有c維自變量的凸函數f:Rc→R，為求得可對l=1,2,…,c順次令進行求解.具體地，根據ALS優化策略求解TrustSVD目標函數(式(5))中的μ，bu，bi，qi，pu，yj，wv，pk，將分別產生相應的凸優化函數.篇幅有限，僅以bu和pu的凸優化函數為例，如式(9)和式(10)所示.為簡化式(5)，設為評分誤差.

5) meld [meld] v. 融合，混合

6) innovative [5InEJ7veItIv] adj. 創新的，革新的

7) welder [5weldE(r)] n. 焊工，電焊機

8) go-kart [5^EJ7kB:t] n. 微型單座賽車，卡丁車

9) extent [Ik5stent] n. 程度

10) passionate [5pAFEnIt] adj. 熱情的，充滿激情的

11) dedication [7dedI5keIF(E)n] n. 獻身，奉獻

多義詞組：see through

我們都知道，see through這個動詞詞組有著豐富的含義——但與其他多義詞組不同的是，see through在表達不同意思時，所用到的搭配結構也是有所區別的。一般來說，see through sb./sth.的意思是“看透，看穿，識破”，see sth. through則可以表達“做完，進行到底”的意思，而see sb. through (sth.) 指的是“滿足某人的需要，幫助或支持某人”，如：

l I can see through your little game. （我能看穿你的小把戲。）

l She’s determined to see the job through. （她決心把這項工作干到底。）

l This overcoat should see me through the winter. （有了這件大衣，我應該能熬過冬天了。）

景觀建筑師——斯科特的故事

格雷西（主持人）：斯科特，景觀建筑設計是什么意思？

斯科特：喔，我在高中時聽到這個名詞，當時我也問了自己這個問題。它涉及外部與室外空間的景觀設計，還包含建筑方面的內容。