“若干重要元素的有機化學前沿”項目立項報告

周其林+謝建華+沈其龍+席振峰+崔春明

摘 要：人類社會的進步與發展離不開新物質的發現與創造，而合成化學則是創造新物質的主要工具和手段。在新物質的創造過程中，磷、氟、硼、硅、稀土等元素扮演著極其重要的角色。然而，這些重要元素資源正因人類的不合理利用而日益貧乏和枯竭。因此，針對“新物質的創造和轉化”的科學問題，結合當前合成化學發展的新形勢和面臨的新問題，從促進我國寶貴元素資源的高效利用出發，開展若干重要元素的有機化學前沿研究具有極其重要的科學意義和巨大的社會效益，也是一個艱巨的挑戰。 本項目將充分利用我國在元素有機化學方面長期的研究基礎和隊伍優勢，選取磷、氟、硼、硅、稀土等重要元素開展元素有機化學的基礎和前沿研究。項目將設置4個課題：（1）有機磷新試劑和新功能研究；（2）含氟有機化合物的選擇性合成和應用研究；（3） 硼、硅有機化合物的特性和應用研究；（4）新穎稀土有機化合物的合成和性能研究，并圍繞這4個方面，深入認識和探索元素有機化合物新成鍵模式、新反應性；通過對元素有機化合物的立體、電子效應等的調控，發展元素有機新試劑，發現元素有機化合物的新功能；開展功能有機化合物和材料的合成研究，并發展相應的新技術。重點解決元素有機化合物新的成鍵模式、新的反應性、以及新功能及其調控等關鍵科學問題。通過項目的實施，有望發展若干具有國際影響的元素有機新試劑、新反應和新方法，造就一支在國際上有重要影響力的研究隊伍，推動我國有機化學及相關學科的發展，進一步提升我國在元素有機化學研究領域的國際影響和地位，促進我國寶貴元素資源的高效利用和社會可持續發展。

關鍵詞：有機化學 合成化學 新物質創造 重要元素

Abstract：The development of human society is inseparable from the discovery and creation of new substances. Synthetic chemistry is one of the most important tools and methods for creating new substances. In the process of the creating new substances， the elements such as phosphorus， fluorine， boron， silicon and rare earth play an essential role. However， the resources of these important elements are depleted rapidly because of the irrational use. Therefore， in the view of the scientific problems of "the creation and transformation of new substances"， the basic and cutting-edge research on the organic chemistry of these elements is highly importance for developing new synthetic chemistry and promoting the efficient use of our element resources， and consequently is beneficial to sustainable development of human society. Based on the long-term and productive studies on the elemento-organic chemistry， particularly on the organic chemistries of aforementioned important elements in China in last few decades， the researches of this project will set up four subjects including （1）New organo-phosphorus reagents and new functions； （2）Selective synthesis of organo-fluorine compounds and their applications； （3）Properties and applications of organo-boron and organo-silicon compounds； （4）Synthesis and properties of new organo-metallic compounds of rare earth elements. This project will intend to in-depth investigate and explore the new bond-forming mode and new reactivity of elemento-organic compounds； to develop new reagents and discover new functions of elemento-organic compounds through regulating their steric and electronic structures； to synthesize new functional organic compounds and materials， and to develop new synthetic methodologies. All of these studies will focus on the scientific issues including （1）new bond-forming mode of element-organic compounds； （2） new reactivity of elemento-organic compounds； （3）new properties of elemento-organic compounds and their regulations. By implementation of this project， the developments of a number of new elemento-organic reagents， new reactions， and new methodologies are expected. This project will also promote the development of organic chemistry and related disciplines in our country. Furthermore， research achievements of this project will provide a scientific basis and technological support for improving the efficiency of the use of element resources and will promote the sustainable development of our society.

Key Words：Important element； Synthetic chemistry； Organic chemistry； Creation of new substance

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