工業不適用煙葉打葉復烤內在品質改善研究

摘要：研究了云南普洱、曲靖、新平和德宏4個地區的工業不適用煙葉打葉復烤后化學成分和感官質量的變化情況，并分析了化學成分與感官質量之間的簡單相關關系。結果表明，經打葉復烤后工業不適用煙葉化學成分含量發生了一定的變化；感官評吸總分呈升高趨勢，主要表現在香氣質和香氣量增加等方面；簡單相關關系分析結果表明，化學成分中對煙葉感官評吸的影響從大到小為總糖、還原糖、兩糖比、糖堿比、氮堿比、鉀氯比。綜合結果可知，打葉復烤不僅能有效提升工業不適用煙葉品質，還能為再造煙草原料緊缺提供有效途徑。

關鍵詞：工業不適用煙葉；打葉復烤；化學成分；感官質量

中圖分類號：TS44+3 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0439-8114（2016）19-5144-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.19.065

Abstract： The changes of chemical components and sensory quality on internal quality for industrial unavailable tobacco by threshing and redrying were studied in the four areas of Puer，Qujing，Xinping and Dehong，the simple correlation relationship between chemical components and sensory quality was analyzed. The result indicated that，the industrial unavailable tobacco changes in chemical composition content. The aroma quality and volume of aroma promoted the rising of the sensory evaluation total score. The results of simple correlation analysis showed that the direct effect of chemical components from big to small was as follows，total sugar，reduced sugar，total sugar-reducing sugar ratio，sugar-alkali ratio，nitrogen-nicotine ratio and potassium-chloride ratio. It was concluded that the threshing and redrying can not only improve the quality of the industrial unavailable tobacco，but provide an effective way for the shortage of raw materials for paper-process reconstituted tobacco.

Key words： industrial unavailable tobacco； threshing and redrying； chemical components； sensory quality

工業不適用煙葉是卷煙生產企業工業生產不適用的低次等和下等的煙葉[1]。隨著卷煙工業對原煙品質需求的提升，收購煙葉的中上等煙的比例有相當程度的提高。云南省作為煙葉種植大省，據統計，2013年烤煙種植面積51.3萬hm2，生產量 2 232.43萬擔，計劃收購1 924.40萬擔，2013年有308.03萬擔未被列入計劃的工業不適用煙葉沒有得到收購，鑒于此，有必要對工業現有可控并有利用價值的煙葉進行利用研究。

打葉復烤是煙葉重要的加工過程，其目的是通過調整煙葉含水率、除雜、殺蟲等，來提高煙葉的質量[2，3]。近年來，國內針對優質煙葉打葉復烤后的品質變化進行了不少研究[2-7]，但鮮見關于工業不適用煙葉打葉復烤前后品質變化的研究?！?br>