Cooperative Learning Makes Students Learn More

Chen Xiuying

Cooperative learning plays an important role in the course of English teaching . They can learn much more knowledge and be happy.

I. Learning in a variety of ways and at different rates forming groups：

1. We can divided the class into small groups of 2，3，4 members. Using a variety of ways to form groups. For example， some students like singing， others like dancing ，acting， playing games and telling stories and so on. The students can make their own groups.

2. Groupings may vary for example by interests ，skills， abilities：

（1）The learning pyramid： Lecture， at the top of the pyramid has a disappointingly low retention rate of just 5%. Reading has 10% . Audio –Visual has 20%. Demonstration is at the rate of 30%. Discussion Group at the rate of 50%. Practice by doing is at the rate of 75. On the other hand， when students participate in active learning and then teach other students retention of material maximized at 90%.

（2）Cooperative learning and group work： Enables each student who does not ‘fit the present schools and curriculum models to be supported more effectively. Encourages each student to participate as no one knows or has all the information. Encourages them to work together ，not against each other. Give more responsibility to the learner. Has students talking more .

（3）Total Physical Response： The children learn English by acting ，doing， writing and so on. For example ： When teaching “I am playing football.” The teacher will do it by acting. While he is playing football， saying：“l(fā)ook， I am playing football.” The teacher teaches them by body language， body distance ，facial expression ，eye contact， gesture， scenarios and students know the meaning of the sentences without explaining in Chinese. This Teaching method can improve the English level of children. The student must watch the teacher and listen carefully in order to predict the meaning of a word or phrase.

（4）The Communicative Approach： The child will choose the best friend and make a dialogue as his partner. The teacher will give them scenarios. Making the best use of the natural condition， to creative a good English communicative scenery.

Competition can improve the abilities of cooperation groups. The group wants to get the first one. They try their best to work hard to fight against the opposite. The students may be reluctant to participate in cooperative learning. Competition can make the learners be much more confident，responsible， careful， brave and happy. For example： << Hand in hand>>The children stand in a circle and clap their hands， singing this song： “Hand in Hand， hand in hand. We are happy， hand in hand. Clap your hands， stamp your feet. We are happy， you and me.”

II. Results in everyone in the group

1.Understanding the task and the answer， students should not choose their group members and change groups frequently.We know that cooperation can give more responsibilities to the learner. It also makes students feel they can do it better.

2.Cooperation is very important in Learning. English. Acting， playing， working in groups can make the students understand better. learning how to cooperative is important in interpersonal communication.

合作學(xué)習(xí)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中起著非常重要的作用。

一、靈活多變的教學(xué)方法與不同層次的學(xué)生

1.根據(jù)不同層次的學(xué)生組成不同的組。把班級(jí)全體學(xué)生分成幾組，每組成員3-5人，根據(jù)學(xué)生的興趣，技能，能力，進(jìn)行分組。例如，有些學(xué)生喜歡唱歌，有些學(xué)生喜歡跳舞，表演，玩游戲，講故事等等，學(xué)生也可以自己分組。

2.靈活多樣的教學(xué)方法。為了使學(xué)生記住信息有很多教學(xué)方法，例如：

（1）金字塔式教學(xué)方法：老師概述部分占金字塔的5%，位于金字塔的最頂端，演示部分占金字塔的50%，練習(xí)占金字塔的75%，另一方面，學(xué)生積極地分享自己的學(xué)習(xí)成果，把知識(shí)教給其他學(xué)生占金字塔的90%。合作學(xué)習(xí)和小組活動(dòng)，會(huì)使不適合現(xiàn)在學(xué)校教育和教學(xué)模式的學(xué)生適合學(xué)校教育，更有效地學(xué)習(xí)。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生當(dāng)沒(méi)有人回答問(wèn)題或者所有人都能回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，把自己的觀點(diǎn)，想法分享給大家。鼓勵(lì)大家互相學(xué)習(xí)，合作，彼此之間，互相支持。

（2）集中學(xué)習(xí)法：給學(xué)習(xí)者更多的責(zé)任，給學(xué)生更多的交流機(jī)會(huì)，讓老師講得少些，讓學(xué)生多練，老師站在一旁做指導(dǎo)。

（3）全身運(yùn)動(dòng)法，這是好的教學(xué)方法，孩子們非常喜歡，他們通過(guò)表演，訓(xùn)練，寫(xiě)作等等掌握英語(yǔ)，例如：在教授“我在踢足球時(shí)”，老師會(huì)邊做動(dòng)作，邊說(shuō)出來(lái)。看：“I am playing football”，老師會(huì)通過(guò)肢體語(yǔ)言（body language），面目表情（facial expression），眼神交流（ eye contact），手勢(shì)（gesture），場(chǎng)景（scenarios），無(wú)需用漢語(yǔ)解釋。這種方法可以提高學(xué)生們的英語(yǔ)水平，學(xué)生上課必須觀察老師的肢體語(yǔ)言，仔細(xì)聽(tīng)，目的是理解單詞和句子的意思，我們必須記住：每組成員必須少，老師不應(yīng)該過(guò)多使用教學(xué)方法。

4.交際法。例如 孩子應(yīng)選擇最好的朋友作為他的合作伙伴，老師給他們提供場(chǎng)景，充分利用自然條件，去創(chuàng)造好的英語(yǔ)交際場(chǎng)景。

通過(guò)競(jìng)賽的形式可以提高小組成員合作的能力，小組如果想獲得第一，他們會(huì)盡最大努力擊敗對(duì)手，愿意在合作伙伴中分享自己的想法。合作會(huì)使初學(xué)者更加有信息，有責(zé)任，細(xì)心，勇敢和快樂(lè)。例如：《手拉手》，孩子圍成一圈，拍著手掌，唱著歌：“手拉手，手拉手，拍著手，跺著腳，我們快樂(lè)你和我。”我們會(huì)使用“全身反應(yīng)法”，老師會(huì)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生大膽地表演。

三、小組合作的要求和結(jié)果

1.全體組員應(yīng)該理解合作的任務(wù)，問(wèn)題答案，學(xué)生不應(yīng)該隨意選擇組員和頻繁調(diào)換小組，我們知道 合作會(huì)給學(xué)習(xí)者帶來(lái)更多的責(zé)任，也會(huì)使學(xué)生們感覺(jué)到，意識(shí)到他們會(huì)做得更好。

2.合作學(xué)習(xí)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中會(huì)起到很大的作用。小組成員的一起表演、玩耍、學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)使學(xué)生們之間更好的理解，在與人的交流中學(xué)會(huì)怎樣合作是十分重要的。