“電池模塊及系統結構設計、系統集成及規模放大基礎研究”年度報告

張華民　馬相坤　邢楓　鄭瓊　鄒毅

摘 要：在前期研究基礎上，通過計算機三維模擬技術，對影響電堆功率密度的關鍵因素進行深入分析，并提出了大規模液流電池系統的設計方法及其規模放大技術。具體如下：通過建立液流電池三維非等溫模型，揭示了電池內部的熱源變化與溫度分布特性，研究了孔隙率、流量對熱源及溫度變化的影響；通過容量衰減模型，準確預測容量的衰減程度；利用多目標優化的理論建立大規模電池多系統耦合設計的方法，提出了液流電池的監測、報警、保護體系，進而發展了液流電池規模放大理論體系。基于上述理論研究進行試制工作，開發的單電池能量效率達到81.8%（200 mA/cm2），開發的22 kW電堆經過550個循環，電池性能沒有衰減，開發的352 kW/700 kW·h液流電池單元直流側能量效率達到73.8%，交流側系統效率達到68.2%。

關鍵詞：釩電堆 電池系統 高功率密度 規模放大

Abstract：Based on our previous studies， the key factors that influence the power density are researched by three-dimension simulation， and the large scale vanadium flow battery system design and scaling technology are proposed. A three-dimension non-isothermal model of cell stack is presented. The temperature distributions in the electrode and the influence of porosity， flow-rate， and temperature change are clarified. The capacity decreasing could be forecasted accurately by capacity decreasing model. The design and integration method of vanadium flow battery system is presented. The large scale multi subsystem coupled design method is mastered based on the multi optimization method. The battery manage system （BMS） is proposed， including the monitor， alarm and protection. And then the vanadium flow battery system scaling technology is developed. The achievements are described as flowed. The single cell efficiency can reach to 81.8% at 200 mA/cm2. The developed 22 kW cell stack has no change of performance under the 550 charge and discharge cycles.The 352 kW/700 kW·h subsystem for large scale applications is developed. The DC efficiency is 73.8%，and AC efficiency is 68.2%，which reaches the international advanced level. The 22 kW cell stack and 352 kW/700 kW·h subsystem are all passed the national energy achievements appraisal of science and technology.

Key Words：Vanadium cell stack；Flow battery system；High power density；Scaling technology

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