五招破解七選五閱讀

樊萍

七選五閱讀得分最佳的方式是猜選結合。尤其對于基礎不好的同學，“猜”的技巧顯得至關重要。下面介紹幾種猜和選的方法。

[詞匯浮現法]

這種方法是最直接的一種解題的方法。同學們可以通過對比選項和文章，看有沒有重復使用某一個詞，或者二者之間有同根詞。

例1 Inner peace may seem almost unachievable and maybe even unreal for many. However， there is a secret. Inner peace is only partly decided by outer circumstances. Mainly， it is a choice you must make for yourself. 36 This requires constant practice，but with practice your inner peace can become a habit， and then， a reality. These are the steps you may start with.

1.Simplify

Simplicity contributes to inner peace because it allows you to direct your energy and effort into one single point.Get rid of everything that blocks you，including acquaintances and friends who may only disturb you. 37 Dont let unnecessary information like TV news into your life.

2.Direct your mind on the present moment

The only time that truly exists is this present moment. Past was once the present， and future will once too， become the present. 38 Or with the unpredictable future，which is in fact nothing more than your fantasy. So be focused on the present. Give all your best to it， and simply live.

3.Smile

A simple smile does wonders. 39 It can instantly change mood of others as well as your own.Smile to members of your family， smile to your coworkers， smile to everybody you meet. Smile even to yourself in the mirror if theres nobody else around.While smiling， you cant help but feel calmness， happiness and love.

4.Keep calm

If you find yourself anxious，take few deep breaths and wait to fully calm down before taking any kind of action or decision. 40 The ability to keep calm and focus among chaos and changes is a true sign of inner peace.

A. Try to think of what good it also did you.

B. Rushing anything leads only to poor outcomes.

C. Stop and think about how fortunate you really are.

D. It can help to soften hearts and make “no” into“yes”.

E. Throw out or give away everything that you dont really need.

F. For all that matters， you should not involve yourself with things gone.

G. You can be calm and peaceful in any situation by surprisingly， simply choosing to.

解析 GEFDB。第1段講述了內心的平靜只有一部分由外界因素決定，它更多的是源于自身所做的選擇。It is a choice you must make for yourself.中的choice和G選項里面的choosing屬于同根詞，因此這道題可以考慮G選項。經過驗證這個題就應該選G。

[詞匯鎖定法]

詞匯鎖定法是通過關注空前后的詞匯，在選項中查找相關的同義詞、反義詞或表示同一類事物的詞語。比如例1第4條中的anxious和B選項中的rushing就有相關性。

例2 （2015新課標II卷） When you have found shoes that seem right， walk in them for a few days to double check the fit. . As always， you should stretch （伸展） at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

D. With each day， increase the distance by a half mile

E. If they still feel good， you can begin running in them

F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

解析 E。前面說當你發現看著合適的鞋子，穿著走幾天再看看是不是合腳。選項E中說如果它們還是（讓你）感覺不錯，就可以穿著它們開始跑步。顯然，這里的they和them指的都是shoes，指代一致。另外這個選項里說的feel good文中說的the fit指的都是鞋子穿著合腳。所以確定E選項就是要找的答案。

[句意判斷法]

句意判斷法要注意兩個方面，一是句子前后文相似句型的查找，二是要確切理解意思，合乎文章的邏輯。

例3 （2015新課標Ⅱ卷） Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady， gradual increases in the length of runs. ， buy the best fitting， best-built running shoes you can find.

解析 C。設空后面是個逗號，然后跟了一個祈使句，說明這里需要的是一個狀語，那么AC選項首先在語法上是符合要求的。再來看空前說馬拉松訓練需要細致的準備和跑步長度上漸進的提升，后面說的是購買你能找到的最合適最好的跑鞋，就知道這個是為跑馬拉松進行的準備，是在訓練前做的事情，所以C在語意上也符合了要求。

[關聯邏輯法]

這個方法是通過文章和選項中的表示邏輯關系的關聯詞（比如表示并列、遞進轉折、讓步等關系）入手，找出能體現相應邏輯關系的選項。

例4 （2013新課標I卷） Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit （利潤）—that is， they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71 Commonly called nonprofits， these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 72

Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning， direction， and control of the operations of a business. 73 One is the establishment （制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production， sales， the purchase of equipment， materials and supplies， and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision （監管） and guidance by the management in authority. 75

A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.

D. However， some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F. In the theory of business management， organization has two main aspects.

G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.

解析 DCAEB。第71空前面說大部分商業機構追求利潤，而后面說的是非營利組織nonprofits，說明前后方向相反，那么所填的內容必須符合使話題一轉的作用。however正好表現這種轉折關系，代入D選項驗證，就可知這個就是我們要選擇的答案。

[設題位置法]

設空位于段首一般用來表明本段的中心大意，如果位于中間一般是過渡句或起細節理解的作用，如果在段末則一般作為本段的歸納、總結。

我們先來看看問題設空在段首。通常在選擇段首句時要認真閱讀后文內容，根據段落一致的原則，查找同義詞或相關內容。

例5 Always stressed

4 Youre not giving your body time to recover，so youre always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get， the more mistakes we make. Physical and mental health can suffer. The fact that we can stay connected to the workplace whenever we are in the world is feeding deep-seated insecurities.

A. Seeking work/life balance.

B. You are remindless of your own health.

C. Some people are becoming increasingly concerned about this syndrome （綜合癥）.

D. The negative impacts of this “always on” culture are that your mind is never resting.

E. You are nervous if your phone is getting low on paper.

F. We now consume media for more hours than we sleep.

G. The app—Moment.

解析 D。這一題就是典型的段首句。通過閱讀后面的文章可知本段講的是“永遠在線”給人們帶來心理壓力和不安全感，生理和心理健康都會因此受到折磨。選項D中的never resting與本段中的not giving your body time to recover，tired是相對應的，且the negative inpacts就是對后文內容的概括。這里段首就是這個段落的主題句，后面則是對這個問題展開的解釋和分析。

接下來我們再用一個例子來看看設空在段尾。如果空設在段尾通常是結論、概括性的語句。要注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論的信號詞，如therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等。

例如在一篇題為Some Unmissable and Positive Habits to Live a Happier Life的文章里最后一空：

例6 End each day with gratitude

Just before you go to bed， write down at least one wonderful thing that happened. It might be something as small as a childs laugh or something as huge as a million dollar deal. 5

A. Focus on the present moment.

B. Laugh in the middle of a busy day.

C. Be a part of something you believe in.

D. Find time to work out regularly and eat well.

E. Thats because they dont have anything to worry about.

F. Its amazing how much the people around us can affect our emotions.

G. Whatever it is， be grateful for that day because it will never come again.

解析 G。這一段標題的說的是用感恩結束一天的生活。介紹的方式是睡前寫下發生的那些美好的事情。這些事情可能小如嬰兒的笑，或是大如100萬美元的交易。所以后面要用一個讓步狀語，表示不論發生的好事是大是小，都要感恩每一天。這是對前面的一個總結。所以選G。