齊長城之“涌泉”

文／陳焱 圖／山東圖片庫

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齊長城之“涌泉”

文／陳焱 圖／山東圖片庫

THE GREAT WALL OF QI: “YONGQUAN”

齊長城大都依山勢而建，山嶺之處又多筑于峰頂處，故齊長城又有長城嶺之稱。因為齊長城是史載最早的長城，所以又被稱作“中國長城之父”。它始建于春秋，完成于戰國，西起滔滔黃河，經泰沂山區起伏蜿蜒千余里，東至黃海之濱。像齊長城這樣的宏偉古建筑，凝聚著華夏先民的勤勞與智慧。“涌泉”的劈山齊長城是至今保留較完好的一段，是齊長城的歷史見證和縮影。

○ 涌泉齊長城防線是齊長城防線的重要組成部分。The defense line of the Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is an important part of the defense line of the Great Wall of Qi.

“涌泉”名字的來歷其實還有一個傳說。相傳公元341年，孫臏率部在此休整。某一天，他正在一楷樹下小睡，夢中看到達摩祖師乘金像飄然而至，手指西南方向說，此處有一神泉。孫臏醒后命令將士在此挖掘，結果挖了不到1米，泉水就噴涌而出，官兵飲后感到神清體壯，戰斗力大增。于是孫臏命名這個山泉為“涌泉”。多少年來不管天氣如何變化，涌泉泉水一直長流清澈甘甜，村民行人喝后皆神清氣爽，因此該泉又被人譽為“圣泉”。

涌泉齊長城，地處淄博市淄川區淄河鎮涌泉村。這里群山相連，樹木相擁，陣陣清風中綠浪翻滾。白天綠葉搖著陽光灑金，夜晚幽靜中滿目清輝、星光閃爍。層層梯田、朵朵白云、棵棵古樹將山村打扮得風情萬種；清新的空氣、綠色的叢林散發著無盡生機和愉悅。目前，這里已經被保護開發建成了旅游生態風景區。

涌泉齊長城生態風景區占地面積30余萬畝，海拔500余米，三面環山，其中存留的古建筑距今已有3000多年的歷史。涌泉齊長城歷史悠久，據傳也是孟姜女哭長城留傳了2000多年故事的根基所在。景區內有以孟姜女當年尋夫走過的小道為基礎修建的孟姜女景觀大道、齊長城遺址保護公園、孫臏歇馬堂佛教文化區、百年古樹群等，在這里可以充分感受到自然和人文的融合。

齊長城途經涌泉境內為22個山頭、約6公里。從占據線路長度衡量來看，涌泉村是齊長城沿線占據最長的村莊，可謂齊長城防線第一村。途徑涌泉的齊長城及其相鄰防線，既有依險而建的山險墻，也有建筑獨特、設施完善的兵營，更有彰顯軍事戰略藝術的特色設施，如功能齊全的劈山齊兵營、易守難攻的油簍寨、雁門關；達摩山與劈山的前線后方設置、油簍寨與鹿角山的互為掎角之勢，雁門寨、油簍寨、鹿角山、達摩山、劈山、蓮花山、馬鞍山的呼應支撐，山脊、平地、水路的相互配合，無不令人叫絕。

涌泉齊長城防線是齊長城防線的重要組成部分。其中從達摩頂東北方向沿山脊到蓮花山為齊長城復線，沿西南方向到達石龍山為齊魯邊境線是齊長城主線。經涌泉的齊長城防線有前方陣地也有后方兵營，有主線也有復線，有關口重地也有山險墻要塞，是特色突出的歷史軍事陣地。

涌泉齊長城具有很高的歷史研究價值，為使這一國家級的歷史遺存得以保護，在政府相關部門的支持下，2008年開始修建占地百畝的劈山齊長城遺址保護公園。公園位于涌泉劈山山頂，是國內保存比較完整的古齊長城遺址。園內有巍峨的劈山、雄偉的獨山寨、一線天、八仙過海奇觀等自然景觀；也有保存千年的齊兵營、石門、烽火臺、劈山關、孟姜女哭長城斷墻處等歷史遺存。

○ 齊長城吸引了人們前來旅游和研究。The Great Wall of Qi attracts people to come for sightseeing and research.

○ 齊長城途經涌泉境內為22個山頭、約6公里。The Great Wall of Qi runs across 22 mountains in Yongquan, with a length of about 6km.

Most parts of the Great Wall of Qi are built along the mountains, and the parts adjoining mountain ridges are mostly built on the summits. The Great Wall of Qi on the Pi Mountain of “Yongquan” is still a well-preserved section, which is the historical witness and epitome of the Great Wall of Qi.

The Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is located in Yongquan Village, Zihe Town, Zichuan District, Zibo City. It is linked with mountains and surrounded by trees. At present, it has been built into an eco-tourism scenic spot under protection and development.

The Great Wall of Qi runs across 22 mountains in Yongquan, with a length of about 6km. The defense line of the Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is an important part of the defense line of the Great Wall of Qi as a whole. The section from the northeast of the Damo Peak to the Lianhua Mountain along the ridge is the complex line of the Great Wall of Qi. The section from the southwest to the Shilong Mountain is the borderline of Qi and Lu, which is the main line of the Great Wall of Qi.

Under the support of relevant government departments, the Great Wall of Qi Relic Park in the Pi Mountain covering an area of one hundred mu started to be built in 2008. Located on the top of the Pi Mountain, Yongquan, this park is a well-preserved ancient site of the Great Wall of Qin in China.