煤分級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)化殘焦制備電石的低能耗新技術(shù)原理研究報(bào)告

劉振宇 劉清雅

摘 要：煤分級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)化殘焦的高效利用是煤分級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)之一，針對(duì)中低階煤熱解后殘焦的結(jié)構(gòu)和性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)，提出殘焦經(jīng)氧熱法制備電石、進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)化為化學(xué)品的路線。針對(duì)氧熱法生產(chǎn)電石新工藝及煤分級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)和技術(shù)問(wèn)題，部署了三方面研究?jī)?nèi)容：殘焦與CaO的化學(xué)反應(yīng)認(rèn)識(shí)、固-固高效接觸氧熱法電石生產(chǎn)反應(yīng)器的開發(fā)、新工藝和聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的能效評(píng)價(jià)。2年來(lái)，在殘焦與CaO的反應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)及反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)、反應(yīng)過(guò)程中的相態(tài)變化和灰分影響、反應(yīng)器的概念設(shè)計(jì)及模型化、傳遞參數(shù)測(cè)定、電/氧熱法工藝的全面對(duì)比和聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的能效及碳平衡分析、煤熱天平熱解行為與煤鍵合結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)聯(lián)、煤熱解焦油自由基濃度與其反應(yīng)性等方面開展了前沿性和創(chuàng)新性的研究，取得一定進(jìn)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)了前兩年的預(yù)期目標(biāo)。

關(guān)鍵詞：電石 殘焦 氧熱法 系統(tǒng)分析

Preparation of Calcium Carbide Using the Pyrolysis Derived Coke

Liu Zhenyu Liu Qingya

（Beijing University of Chemical Technology）

Abstract：The efficient use of the pyrolysis-derived coke for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals is a key issue for the processes involving pyrolysis of coals. This project proposed an auto-thermal process that produces calcium carbide （CaC2） from coal-pyrolysis derived coke. CaC2 is a platform chemical for the production of acetylene and consequently many commodity polymers and fine chemicals. The research in this sub-project includes three topics： understanding of the complex reactions between the coke and CaO for the production of CaC2 at high temperatures， the development of novel reactors and energy assessment of the CaC2 production and the whole coal conversion process. The studies carried out in the sub-project in past two years include： the reactions behaviors， mechanisms and kinetics， and the role of ash under a broad range of conditions； the reactor design and modeling as well as the determination of physical properties of the components involved in the reaction； energy assessment of the autothermal CaC2 production system and carbon footprint； and the behavior of pyrolysis of coals in the upper section of the CaC2 reactor and reactivity of the tars obtained. The work fulfilled the topics defined in the contract and the findings are important addition to the understanding of the field of coal conversion and clean coal technology. The above work resulted in publication of 13 articles in peer reviewed journals（5 were indexed by SCI）， 8 presentations in international conferences （4 by invitation）， filing of 3 PCT for the new reactor in three countries （USA， Japan and Canada） and 1 Chinese patent. Six PhD and 15 MS students participated in the research of the sub-project with 1 PhD and 2 MS students having been graduated. One researcher was awarded with the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.

Key Words：Calcium carbide； Coke； Thermal heating； System analysis

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