復雜空氣分離類成套裝備超大型化與低能耗化的關鍵科學問題立項報告

譚建榮

摘 要：針對我國大型鋼鐵、大型石化、大型火電等重大工程必需的復雜空氣分離類成套裝備超大型化與低能耗化的關鍵技術難題，探索解決“低能耗驅動的大尺度混合流復雜界面漸變形成規律”“超大型化多機組多變量關聯的變量（場）分離與耦合原理”與“高可靠性關鍵部機的壽命均衡設計與穩定運行理論”等基礎科學問題。針對3個關鍵科學問題，設置了6個課題：大尺度混合流與非定常流動界面形成規律、大型裝備中動力學非線性耦合機理、復雜工況多機組多變量關聯設計理論、多機組同步穩定與壽命均衡設計原理、關鍵部機高強度大構件保質制造技術和超大型空分裝備性能實驗仿真與集成。通過該研究，闡明大型空氣分離類成套裝備大尺度混合流界面對氣體傳熱傳質的影響機理，揭示裝備內部多相流體的非定常交變流動機理與能量遷移規律；闡明復雜工況大型裝備動力學非線性耦合機理，建立跨機組多變量多參數關聯的裝備性能分析與工藝設計理論；揭示空分成套裝備關鍵機組與關鍵部機高可靠性長壽命機理，提出關鍵機組與關鍵部機大型結構件的均衡壽命設計與保質制造方法；從而，為新一代空氣分離類成套裝備理論突破提供科學基礎。

關鍵詞：復雜空氣分離類成套裝備 超大型化 低能耗化 大尺度混合流 耦合關聯設計 壽命均衡 保質設計制造

Abstract：Focusing on the key technique problems of super-large complex air separation equipment with low energy consumption which is a necessity of steel， petrochemical， and thermal power industry in China， several basic scientific questions are explored， “complex large-scale mixed flow interface gradient formation law driven by low energy consumption”， “super-large multi-set multivariable field coupling and decoupling principle”， “key sets life balance design and stable operation theory with high reliability” etc. . Six topics are set up centered on these three key scientific questions， interface formation laws of large-scale mixed flow and unsteady flow， dynamics nonlinear coupling mechanism of large equipment， multivariable and multi-set correlation design theory under complicated conditions， multi-sets synchronization stability and life balance principle， key sets high-strength component quality-ensured manufacturing， super-large complex air separation equipment performance test， simulation， and integration. The research of this project clarified the affection of super-large complex air separation equipment large-scale mixed flow to the mechanism of gas heat and mass transfer， revealed the poly-phase fluid unsteady flow alternating mechanism and energy migration law in equipment， illuminated dynamics nonlinear coupling mechanism of large equipment under complicated conditions， established the equipment inter-set multi-variable multi-parameter performance analysis and process design theory， uncovered air separation equipment key set and unit high reliability and long duration mechanism， proposed key set and unit large-scale structure life balance design and quality-ensured manufacturing method， thus providing the scientific basis for next generation air separation equipment theoretical breakthrough.

Key Words：Complex air separation equipment；Super-large trend；Lower energy consumption；Large-scale mixed flow；Coupling correlation design；Life balance；Design for quality and manufacturing

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