邱博文,李郝林
(上海理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院,上海 200093)
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Hyperworks在床身動靜態(tài)分析及優(yōu)化中的應(yīng)用
邱博文,李郝林
(上海理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院,上海200093)
摘要床身剛度是影響高速機(jī)床加工精度的一個重要因素。針對床身剛度是否滿足加工精度要求的問題,以雙直線電機(jī)高速進(jìn)給的銑床床身為研究對象,采用有限元方法建立床身的動力學(xué)模型,并利用有限元軟件Hyperworks對床身進(jìn)行動靜態(tài)分析,找出該床身的動靜態(tài)性能薄弱部位,利用Hyperworks的Optistruct拓?fù)淠K對床身進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。優(yōu)化后的結(jié)果表明,3個方向靜剛度平均提高了1 000 N·μm-1,固有頻率提高了約30 Hz,x和z向頻率響應(yīng)的振幅約減小50%,為同類型結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計提供一定的參考。
關(guān)鍵詞床身;有限元方法;動靜態(tài)分析;拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化
Applications of Hyperworks in Dynamic and Static Analysis of Machine Tool Bed
QIU Bowen,LI Haolin
(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)
AbstractMachine tool bed stiffness is an important factor in the machining accuracy of high speed machine tools.The finite element method is adopted to establish the dynamics model of lathe bed basing on double linear motor of high speed feed milling machine lathe bed,then the Hyperworks is used for dynamic and static analysis of bed to find out the dynamic and static performance of the machine bed weak positions,and finally the Hyperworks Optistruct module is employed for topology optimization of the bed structure.The optimized results show an average increase of 1 000 N·μm-1in static stiffness in three directions and ~ 30 Hz in inherent frequency,and a decrease in frequency response by ~ 50% in thexandzdirections.
Keywordsmachine tool bed;finite element method;dynamic and static analysis;topology optimization
高速機(jī)床是實(shí)現(xiàn)高速,高質(zhì)量加工的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵,為了使高速精密機(jī)床具有理想的加工精度,必須有足夠的動靜態(tài)特性和良好的可靠性與穩(wěn)定性[1]。在機(jī)床的各個組成部分中,床身是重要的支承件,機(jī)床的很多重要部件均是以床身為安裝載體,因此機(jī)床床身的強(qiáng)度、剛度及其動態(tài)特性,在機(jī)床設(shè)計中具有重要作用。傳統(tǒng)的床身設(shè)計大均是采用靜態(tài)力學(xué)的簡化計算和經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計為基礎(chǔ)的常規(guī)方法,盡管該設(shè)計方法經(jīng)過實(shí)踐證明有一定的可靠性,但存在設(shè)計周期長、設(shè)計過于保守等弊端導(dǎo)致床身結(jié)構(gòu)不盡合理,隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,有限元法開始用于工程領(lǐng)域,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)了計算機(jī)和有限元理論的結(jié)合,大幅提高了工程領(lǐng)域結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的效率和質(zhì)量。……