第五代移動通信技術（5G）

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第五代移動通信技術（5G）

·編者按·

第五代移動通信技術（5th generation mobile networks 或 5th generation wireless systems，簡稱5G），是繼4G之后，新一代的移動通信技術，該技術的研究方興未艾，目前還沒有電信公司或者標準制定組織在官方文件中提到這一概念。隨著技術的發展，人們對通信網絡的需求呈現爆炸式增長，推動在傳輸速率和資源利用率等方面大大優于4G的移動通信技術加快研發，按照預想，5G網絡將達到五大性能目標：傳輸速率達到10 GB/s；頻譜效率提高10倍；業務時延小于5 m/s；網絡容量提升1000倍；能量效率提升10倍；并能提供更多的應用和更好的用戶體驗。

2013年初，歐盟在第7框架計劃啟動了面向5G研發的METIS（Mobile and Wireless Communications Enablers for the Twenty-Twenty（2020）Information Society）項目，韓國和中國分別成立了5G技術論壇和IMT-2020（5G）推進組。我國863計劃也分別于2013年6月和2014年3月啟動了5G重大項目一期和二期研發課題。2014年5月8日，日本電信營運商NTT DoCoMo正式宣布與其他廠商共同合作，測試超過現有4G網絡1000倍網絡承載能力的高速5G網絡。2015年3月1日，英國《每日郵報》報道，英國已成功研制5G網絡，并稱于2018年投入公眾測試，2020年正式投入商用。2015年9月7日，美國移動運營商Verizon無線公司宣布，將從2016年開始試用5G網絡，2017年在美國部分城市全面商用。我國5G技術研發試驗將在2016—2018年進行，分為5G關鍵技術試驗、5G技術方案驗證和5G系統驗證三個階段實施。

目前，世界各國正就5G的發展愿景、應用需求、候選頻段、關鍵技術指標等進行廣泛的研討，5G在無線傳輸技術和網絡技術方面的關鍵技術主要有超密集異構網絡、自組織網絡、D2D（device-to-device）通信、M2M（machine-to-machine）通信、軟件定義無線網絡、信息中心網絡、內容分發網絡、移動云計算、軟件定義網絡/網絡功能虛擬化和情景感知技術。

本專題得到孫震強（中國電信北京研究院高級工程師、北京郵電大學客座教授）、張治中（重慶郵電大學教授）的大力支持。

·熱點數據排行·

截至2016年1月8日，中國知網（CNKI）和Web of Science（WOS）的數據報告顯示，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的期刊文獻分別為408與515條，本專題將相關數據按照：研究機構發文數、作者發文數、期刊發文數、被引用頻次進行排行，結果如下。

研究機構發文數量排名（CNKI）

研究機構發文數量排名（WOS）

作者發文數量排名（CNKI）

作者發文數量排名（WOS）

期刊發文數量排名（CNKI）

期刊發文數量排名（WOS）

根據中國知網（CNKI）數據報告，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結果如下。

國內數據庫高被引論文排行

根據Web of Science統計數據，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結果如下。

國外數據庫高被引論文排行

·經典文獻推薦·

基于Web of Science檢索結果，利用Histcite軟件選取LCS（Local Citation Score，本地引用次數）TOP 100文獻作為節點進行分析，得到本領域推薦的經典文獻如下。

5G on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network

Demestichas, P; Georgakopoulos, A; Karvounas, D; et al.

Abstract:Toward the fifth generation (5G) of wireless/mobile broadband, numerous devices and networks will be interconnected and traffic demand will constantly rise. Heterogeneity will also be a feature that is expected to characterize the emerging wireless world, as mixed usage of cells of diverse sizes and access points with different characteristics and technologies in an operating environment are necessary. Wireless networks pose specific requirements that need to be fulfilled. In this respect, approaches for introducing intelligence will be investigated by the research community. Intelligence shall provide energy and cost-efficient solutions at which a certain application/service/quality provision is achieved. Particularly, the introduction of intelligence in heterogeneous network deployments and the cloud radio-access network (RAN) is investigated. Finally, elaboration on emerging enabling technologies for applying intelligence will focus on the recent concepts of software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV). This article provided an overview for delivering intelligence toward the 5G of wireless/mobile broadband by taking into account the complex context of operation and essential requirements such as QoE, energy efficiency, cost efficiency, and resource efficiency. Self-interference cancellation invalidates a long-held fundamental assumption in wireless network design that radios can only operate in half duplex mode on the same channel. Beyond enabling true in-band full duplex, which effectively doubles spectral efficiency, self-interference cancellation tremendously simplifies spectrum management. Not only does it render entire ecosystems like TD-LTE obsolete, it enables future networks to leverage fragmented spectrum, a pressing global issue that will continue to worsen in 5G networks. Self-interference cancellation offers the potential to complement and sustain the evolution of 5G technologies toward denser heterogeneous networks and can be utilized in wireless communication systems in multiple ways, including increased link capacity, spectrum virtualization, any-division duplexing (ADD), novel relay solutions, and enhanced interference coordination. By virtue of its fundamental nature, self-interference cancellation will have a tremendous impact on 5G networks and beyond. METIS is the EU flagship 5G project with the objective of laying the foundation for 5G systems and building consensus prior tobook=14,ebook=18standardization. The METIS overall approach toward 5G builds on the evolution of existing technologies complemented by new radio concepts that are designed to meet the new and challenging requirements of use cases today's radio access networks cannot support. The integration of these new radio concepts, such as massive MIMO, ultra dense networks, moving networks, and device-to-device, ultra reliable, and massive machine communications, will allow 5G to support the expected increase in mobile data volume while broadening the range of application domains that mobile communications can support beyond 2020. In this article, we describe the scenarios identified for the purpose of driving the 5G research direction. Furthermore, we give initial directions for the technology components (e.g., link level components, multinode/multi-antenna, multi-RAT, and multi-layer networks and spectrum handling) that will allow the fulfillment of the requirements of the identified 5G scenarios. New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. This article describes five technologies that could lead to both architectural and component disruptive design changes: device-centric architectures, millimeter wave, massive MIMO, smarter devices, and native support for machine-to-machine communications. The key ideas for each technology are described, along with their potential impact on 5G and the research challenges that remain. The ever growing traffic explosion in mobile communications has recently drawn increased attention to the large amount of underutilized spectrum in the millimeter-wave frequency bands as a potentially viable solution for achieving tens to hundreds of times more capacity compared to current 4G cellular networks. Historically, mmWave bands were ruled out for cellular usage mainly due to concerns regarding short-range and non-line-of-sight coverage issues. In this article, we present recent results from channel measurement campaigns and the development of advanced algorithms and a prototype, which clearly demonstrate that the mmWave band may indeed be a worthy candidate for next generation (5G) cellular systems. The results of channel measurements carried out in both the United States and Korea are summarized along with the actual free space propagation measurements in an anechoic chamber. Then a novel hybrid beamforming scheme and its link-and system-level simulation results are presented. Finally, recent results from our mmWave prototyping efforts along with indoor and outdoor test results are described to assert the feasibility of mmWave bands for cellular usage.

來源出版物：IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2013, 8(3): 47-53

Applications of self-interference cancellation in 5G and beyond

Hong, S; Brand, J; Il Choi, J; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 114-121

Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: The vision of the METIS project

Osseiran, A; Boccardi, F; Braun, V; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(5): 26-35

Five disruptive technology directions for 5G

Boccardi, F; Heath, RW; Lozano, A; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 106-113

·推薦綜述·

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 74-80

Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: Theoretical feasibility and prototype results

Roh, W; Seol, JY; Park, J; et al.

文獻編號本領域經典文章題目第一作者來源出版物1 5G on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network Demestichas, P IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2013, 8(3): 47-53 2Applications of self-interference cancellation in 5G and beyond Hong, S IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 114-121 3 Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: The vision of the METIS project Osseiran, A IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(5): 26-35 4Five disruptive technology directions for 5G Boccardi, F IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 74-80 5 Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: Theoretical feasibility and prototype results Roh, W IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 106-113