羅志凌 肖恩華
腹膜后孤立性纖維瘤的影像診斷進展
羅志凌肖恩華*
腹膜后孤立性纖維瘤是一種罕見的腫瘤,位置隱匿,臨床征象出現較晚且無特異性。但其影像表現具有一定特征性,在超聲、CT、MRI等影像檢查中可被發現,有利于臨床診斷及治療,但也需要與腹膜后邊界較清楚的良性腫瘤及個別邊界相對清楚的惡性病變鑒別,最終確診需要病理學檢查。對腹膜后孤立性纖維瘤的臨床、病理表現及影像表現作一綜述。
孤立性纖維瘤;腹膜后;體層攝影術,X線計算機;磁共振成像;超聲
DOI:10.19300/j.2016.Z3913
【Abstract】Retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumor is a rare tumor in hidden location with late and nonspecific clinical signs.But it has some characteristic image presentations,and can be detected with image examinations,such as ultrasonography,CT,MRI and so on.Imaging examinations are helpful for clinical diagnosis and therapy.The tumor should be differentiated from the retroperitoneal benign tumors with clear boundary and some malignant lesions with relatively clear boundary.A definitive diagnosis depends on pathological examination.We comprehensively reviewed the clinical,pathological and image presentations of retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumor in this article.
【Key words】Solitary fibrous tumor;Retroperitoneal;Tomography,X-ray computed;Magnetic resonance imaging;Ultrasound
Int J Med Radiol,2016,39(2):162-166
孤立性纖維瘤,又稱局限性間皮瘤、局限性纖維間皮瘤、纖維性間皮瘤。臨床上較少見,直到1870年由Wagner首先報道,1931年由Klemperer和Rabin首次對其病理描述,將其列為一種獨立病變[1]。目前認為,孤立性纖維瘤起源于表達CD34抗原的樹突狀間質細胞,后者彌漫分布于人體的結締組織中。孤立性纖維瘤中的瘤細胞具有纖維母或肌成纖維性細胞分化,并不具備間皮性特征。2002年WHO將其歸類于纖維母或肌成纖維性細胞來源的軟組織腫瘤,屬于部分可轉移的中間型。孤立性纖維瘤好發于全身各個部位,最常見于臟層胸膜,約占30%[2],胸膜外孤立性纖維瘤發生少見,但幾乎全身各處均可發生,發生于腹膜后間隙者罕見[3]。本文就腹膜后孤立性纖維瘤的臨床、病理、影像表現、影像鑒別診斷及治療進行綜述,以提高對該病認識。
腹膜后孤立性纖維瘤好發年齡為40~70歲,男女發病率相似。其直徑為1~20 cm,平均直徑11 cm,臨床多表現為生長緩慢的無痛性腫塊,多數病人為偶然體檢發現。……