Exploration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Science and Engineering Universities Under a Multi-dimensional Perspective

An Yali,Su Jialu

(School of Economicsand Management,Lanzhou University of Communications,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

Abstract:With the in-depth development of big data and Internet+,the era of knowledge economy driven by innovation and entrepreneurship has arrived.Innovation-driven education plays an important role in adjusting China"s economic structure,realizing the transformation of human capital and improving comprehensive strength.Compared with the current situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education at home and abroad,science and engineering colleges and universities should make full use of their own advantages,starting from a variety of thinking angles,adopting a variety of education models,and conducting a new round of exploration and research.Colleges and universities of science and engineering should fully understand their own situation,create innovation-oriented enterprise bases with school and regional characteristics,and constantly improve the talent training mechanism of innovation-oriented enterprises.Efforts will be made to explore a multi-level,diversified and high-level education model for innovation and entrepreneurship.

Keywords:multi-dimensional perspective;university of science and engineering;innovation and entrepreneurship;Innovation-driven;education model

I.Research Background and Significance of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

(i)Research Background round

In the context of the knowledge economy era,knowledge,information and technology are seen as the foundation, while innovation and entrepreneurship are seen as the driving forces.The rise of knowledge economy not only requires the innovation of production methods,but also requires peopletoadapt tothisnew production mode.

The 13th Five-Year Plan emphasizes that innovation is the primary driving force for development.In the 13th Five-Year Plan period,three a batch is remarkable.Some major new national science and technology projects will soon be launched.A number of high-level national science and technology centers and technological innovation centers will also be built,and a number of innovative leading enterprises with international competitiveness will be cultivated.These plans will continue to drive large-scale entrepreneurship and innovation.In addition,the 13th Five-Year Plan also points out that the construction of two powersstrong quality power and strong manufacturing power-must be accelerated.It is expected that by 2020,great breakthroughs will be made in basic research,applied research and development,and strategic frontier.The intensity of investment in research and development spending will be increased by 2.5%,and the contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic growth will be made by 60%.Let China truly into the ranks of innovative countries and quality and manufacturing power countries,maintain a stable level of development.

(ii)Research Significance cance

1.Theoretical Significance

This paper discusses the importance of innovation-driven development in the era of knowledge economy.This paper analyzes the new requirements of innovation-driven development of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities of science and engineering on the basis of various entrepreneurial activities.At the same time,according to the research status,summarized the new rules and characteristics of innovation and entrepreneurship education in science and engineering colleges.This study aims to constantly improve the theoretical system of innovation and entrepreneurship education in China,and to provide scientific and effective theoretical guidance for innovation and entrepreneurship education in science and engineering universities to meet the needsof innovation-driven development.

2.Practical Significance

(a)Boost China"s Economic Restructuring

Innovation and entrepreneurship education has played an important role in adjusting China"s economic structure,creating new driving forces for development,enhancing new driving forces for development and opening up new roads for development.Therefore,vigorously promoting the double entrepreneurship and innovation work can not only promote the self-reform and development of the unreasonable system,but also improve the flow efficiency of these elements in economic activities,so as to achieve overall economic improvement and growth.

(b)The Catalyst for Transforming Human Resourcesinto Human Capital

At present,the personnel training mode in collegesand universitieshassome problemssuch asindividualized,simplification and patterned.The daily teaching focuses on professional education but ignores innovative education.The degree of specialty creation and integration is extremely low,and the quality and competitiveness of talents do not meet the requirements of social and economic development.To build an innovation-oriented country,colleges and universities are required to cultivate innovation-oriented talents with innovative and entrepreneurial spirit,courage to be the first,clear logical thinking,comprehensive self-cognition and good communication skills.The double entrepreneurship and innovation plan has created a landing stage for people"s unrestrained imagination.At the same time,it creatse more opportunities for people showing talents.Innovative entrepreneurship education is like a catalyst for the transformation of human resources and human capital,further optimizing the quality of Chinese human resources.

(c)Enhancethe Two Comprehensive Strength

Innovation and entrepreneurship education aims at cultivating students" innovation consciousness and practical creation ability.Starting from noticing problems,then proposing problems,thinking about problems,solving problems and summarizing problems,so as to form a systematic innovation-driven talent training mode.Innovative entrepreneurship education is not only conducive to improving the comprehensive ability of students,but also to improving the comprehensive strength of the whole country. Innovative entrepreneurship education demonstrates Chinese development and changesin asmall but important way.

II. Exploration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Domestic and Abroad Colleges and Universities

(i) Exploration of Innovation andEntrepreneurship Education in Foreign Universities

Through the research,it is not difficult to find that when foreign colleges and universities undertaking innovation and entrepreneurship education work,besides the attention of college leaders,they also have have a strong condition guarantee in the provision of entrepreneurship education fund, venture capital fund and educational organizations.The educational mode has the following commonalities:First,adhere to the principle of combining theory with practice;Second,the multi-level and diversified characters of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities;Third,the open education network breaks the limitations of time,place,form and other aspects and opens up a new situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education.

(ii) Exploration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Chinese Ordinary Universities of Science and Engineering

With the development of innovation and entrepreneurship education,many science and engineering colleges in China began to think about the new mode of innovation and entrepreneurship education,and made countless attempts and explorations,and put forward the following methods:The first is to integrate innovation and entrepreneurship courses into the teaching system,so as to promote the normalization of innovation and entrepreneurship education.Second,colleges and universities cooperate with the government to invite entrepreneurship training institutions to conduct entrepreneurship training for students of all grades in colleges and universities. Third, various innovation and entrepreneurship competitions are held to provide a realistic and reliable platform for students to display their learning achievements.Fourth,the establishment and rise of small groups and entrepreneurial clubs.Fifth,improve the social awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship education;Sixth,actively encourage college students to start their own businesses,promote employment and promotenew economic growth points.

(iii) Exploration of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Chinese Comprehensive Universities

For Chinese 985 and 211 universities,those with advantages in science and engineering have significant advantages in theoretical research and technological innovation.First,these universities have many state key laboratories, such as undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship bases,and technology research and development bases.At the same time,it undertakes the tasks of various technology development and scientific and technological projects of national,provincial and ministerial committees and enterprises,thus making them a high production area for innovation and entrepreneurship education. Secondly, these universities with advantages in science and engineering are now moving towards comprehensive universities.The majors and courses offered in universities are relatively rich,which is conducive to the cross and integration of disciplines.Rational arrangement and utilization of these advantages and resources are the key to ensure innovation and entrepreneurship education in science and engineeringuniversities.

III. Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Model of Science and Engineering Universities

Innovative entrepreneurship education is a complicated process,which needs to solve and deal with many problems.But it also varies from person to person,and the effect is very different.We should conduct research and analysis from a multidimensional perspective. According to the educational objectives and combining with the"formulaic" characteristics of science and engineering universities,the following models should be established to explore innovation and entrepreneurship education:T=P×S×Q[1].In which,"T"(Target)stands for educational Target;"P"(Problem)represents the project Problems to be solved;"S"(Solution)means the Solution of the project;"Q"denotes the Quality of the team.The specific research stepsareasfollows:

(i)Step)Step 11:Lookingfor Pain Problem(P)em(P)

Pain problem refers to serious problems in society that need to be solved urgently[2].According to the degree of urgency can be divided into priorities.In the formula of the research model,if the value of P(problem)is large and other factors remain unchanged,the obtained value of T(educational target)is large.General pain problem should meet the following conditions:First of all,importance-the importance of the problem directly affects the quality of the educational goal.The more important the problem is,the more it can reflect the value of the educational goal.The second is diversity-- the targets of innovation and entrepreneurship education will focus on different issues.The third is universality--maybe the goal value of the individual problem solving is not high,but if the problem is more general,the value of the problemwill behigher.

(ii)Step)Step 22:Implement Effective Solutions(S)ns(S)

Effective solutions must be exclusive and irreplaceable.Before finding a solution,we should do market research and compare the project and product solutions.At the same time,the timeliness of the solution will directly affect the target value.In addition,originality is also a way to create goals.It opens up a new solution to five situations:new product,new method,new market,new product and neworganization

(iii)Step)Step 33:Build a Quality Team(Q)am(Q)

To build a high-quality team,first of all,individuals in the team should have team spirit,sense of responsibility and mission;Secondly,college students should actively promote the integration of specialization and have a keen insight into national policies and market trends.In addition,college students also need to hone their will,to have views,enthusiasm,efficiency and conscience;Take lifelong learning as the goal of life,always maintain asenseof crisisand vigilance.

IV.The Dialectical Relationship Between the Core Elements of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Science and Engineering Universities

Through research,it can be found that opportunity, entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial culture are the three core elements of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities of science and engineering.If the entrepreneurial ability of the organization is strong,it is more conducive to the cultivation of entrepreneurial culture,and employees are more inclined to start businesses.When an organization has a strong corporate culture,its employees should not only pay attention to entrepreneurial opportunities,but also to accumulate their own social capital.Always keep a strong curiosity about new things,study hard,and constantly improve their entrepreneurial ability.Of course,with these three core elements,the mere possibility of starting a businessdoesn"t mean you can succeed.

V.The Prospect of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Science and Engineering Universities

Under the current situation of double entrepreneurship and innovation education is imperative,there are some problems in universities of science and engineering,such as disconnection from innovation and entrepreneurship education,lack of full-time management,poor interests and low efficiency. In addition, the regional characteristics are not significant,the lack of practical platform,guidance and assistance is not in place,the effect is not strong.We should carry out in-depth reform from multiple and diversified perspectives,boldly implement the innovation strategy,and establish a multi-level and threedimensional education system for innovation and entrepreneurship model.From creator space to creator school,planned and targeted creator activities will be carried out to promote the advent of maker era.

At the same time, the problems and contradictions in the process of innovation and entrepreneurship education of science and engineering are dialectically viewed from the third perspective by using the second space thinking.First of all,the multi-dimensional concept should be explored,to form a new concept of postentrepreneurship innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.While training self-employed entrepreneurs,innovation and entrepreneurship education focuses more on training post-entrepreneurs.Secondly,a new university innovation and entrepreneurship base construction system should be established through different level anf different classes,to maximize the innovation and entrepreneurship education for all students and expand the benefits of innovation and entrepreneurship education.To establish a new mechanism for the deep integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and professional education,the resources of the experimental area should be fully combined with the national and provincial innovation,entrepreneurship education and professional education.We should constantly improve the use and support system of innovation and entrepreneurship bases,establish innovation and entrepreneurship education institutions that can operate effectively,and maximize the management efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship education.Finally,the collaborative mechanism of"space+culture"should be established.Space is a new system for the development of creative space in colleges and universities,it is also the construction of progress and three- dimensional structure innovation and entrepreneurship education.In order to build an innovative university of science and technology,improve the comprehensive quality of talents,we should constantly seeking knowledge and exploration.