地塞米松與替硝唑局部注射用于下頜阻生齒拔出的臨床效果

杜凡

[摘要] 目的 探討地塞米松與替硝唑局部注射用于下頜阻生齒拔除手術后的臨床效果。方法 隨機選取2012年1月—2014年12月收治的拔除下頜阻生齒手術后的病人共100例，隨機分為實驗組與常規組，每組有50例。實驗組采用局部注射地塞米松與替硝唑，常規組術后不給予局部注射地塞米松與替硝唑治療，對比兩組病人的臨床應用效果，包括張口受限程度與局部腫脹程度。 結果 治療之后實驗組0度張口困難有29例，常規組有12例；II度張口困難的患者在實驗組僅僅有1例，而在常規組有13例，實驗組患者張口受限程度低于常規組， 差異有統計學意義 （P<0.05）。治療之后實驗組病人的局部腫脹情況有23例輕度病人，常規組有13例輕度病人；實驗組的重度病人僅僅有2例，而常規組卻有14例的重度病人。實驗組病人的局部腫脹情況低于常規組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 進行下頜阻生齒拔除手術后的病人給予地塞米松聯合替硝唑局部注射的臨床治療效果滿意，能夠顯著降低病人的張口困難程度及局部腫脹情況 ，制定臨床推廣應用。

[關鍵詞] 地塞米松；替硝唑；下頜阻生齒；局部注射

[中圖分類號] R78 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2015）09（c）-0104-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of tinidazole dexamethasone and local injection for clinical effect of mandibular impacted tooth extraction after operation. Methods 100 cases of extracting impacted mandibular third molar surgery patients from 2012 January to 2014 December were divided into experimental group and conventional group， each group had 50 cases. Under the premise that the informed consent of patients， the experimental group was treated with local injection of dexamethasone and Tinidazole，） in the routine group not given topical injection of dexamethasone and tinidazole in treatment， the clinical effect of the patients in the two groups were compared， including the limitation of mouth opening and local swelling degree. Results After treatment experimental group 0 degrees of difficulty in opening mouth， 29 cases， 12 cases in the control group； II degree of trismus in patients in the experimental group， only 1 case， and in the conventional group have 13 cases. Patients in the experimental group limited mouth opening degree lower than normal group， the difference was statistically significant （P< 0.05）. The treatment after experimental local swelling in the patient group with 23 cases of patients with mild and routine group has 13 cases of patients with mild； experimental group of severe patients only in 2 cases， and conventional group has 14 cases of severe patients. The local swelling of the patients was lower than that of the conventional group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Mandibular impacted tooth extraction surgery patients give the clinical therapeutic effect of local injection of dexamethasone combined with tinidazole is satisfied and can significantly reduce the patient's difficulty in opening mouth extent and local swelling， formulation of clinical application.

[Key words] Dexamethasone； Tinidazole； Mandibular teeth； Local injection

下頜阻生齒是臨床上口腔科就診患者中的常見就診原因，其發病原因一般認為與患者的咀嚼能力降低相關[1]，下頜阻生齒產生后，患者往往出現感染，甚至流膿情況，出現淋巴結腫大，甚至出現體溫升高等情況[2]。臨床治療方法多數支持拔牙等操作，但是下頜阻生齒的生長位置比較特殊，手術之后往往出現感染、疼痛及張口困難等并發癥，對患者的生活質量產生嚴重不良影響[3]。因此，如何減少并發癥對患者的治療效果具有重要意義，鑒于以上認識，隨機選取該醫院2012年1月—2014年12月期間，給予拔除下頜阻生齒手術后的病人共100例，把術后患者分為兩組，常規組給予常規處理，實驗組患者給予地塞米松與替硝唑局部注射的治療方式，取得了滿意的結果，現報道如下。