正交試驗法優選紅花黃色素A的閃式提取工藝

何惠芳　趙敏華

【摘要】 目的：探索閃式提取法提取紅花中紅花黃色素A的最佳工藝條件，以更合理有效地提取紅花黃色素A，為進一步開發提供實驗依據。方法：應用單因素試驗及正交實驗優化閃式提取法提取紅花黃色素A的最佳工藝條件，包括最佳溶劑倍數、提取時間、提取電壓，并與溫浸提取法進行比較。結果：紅花閃式提取最佳提取工藝為40倍水，2.5min，90V電壓。與溫浸法相比，閃式提取羥基紅花黃色素A的平均轉移率低8.25%，但提取時間為溫浸法的1/30，且室溫下就可進行，提取器耗電量明顯比溫浸法低。結論：利用閃式提取法提取紅花中紅花黃色素A的方法高效節能，真實可靠，可在紅花黃色素A的提取中推廣應用。

【關鍵詞】 紅花黃色素A； 閃式提取法；溫浸法；正交試驗

【中圖分類號】R284.2【文獻標志碼】 A【文章編號】1007-8517（2015）10-0013-02

Optimization of Smashing Tissue Extraction of Hydroxyl Safflor Yellow A from Carthamus Tinctorius L by Orthogonal Test

HE HuifangZHAO Minhua

Pharmaceutical Preparation Section，The First People′s Hospital of Shunde District， Foshan City， Guangdong Province，Foshan 528300，China

Abstract： [WTHZ]Objective：[WTBZ]Hydroxyl safflor yellow A from Carthamus Tinctorius L by orthogonal test，in order to extract Safflor Yellow A by a more rational and effective method and provide new ideas and technical support for further development of efficient，safe and natural antioxidants. [WTHZ]Methods ：[WTBZ]To determine the optimization of smashing tissue extraction of hydroxyl safflor yellow A from Carthamus Tinctorius L by single factor experiment and orthogonal test in extraction rate，extraction time and electricity consumption and to compare with soaking extraction method. [WTHZ]Results：[WTBZ]The optimized conditions using water as solvent were liquid-material ratio of 40∶1 （ ml/g） ，extraction time of 2.5 min，90 V voltage. Although smashing tissue extraction of hydroxyl safflor yellow A has a lower rate of 8.25% of the average transfer compared with the traditional soaking method，but the extraction time is much less than the latter， and can be carried out at room temperature， and the flash extractor consumption significantly lower than the soaking method. [WTHZ]Conclusion：[WTBZ]Smashing tissue extraction of hydroxyl safflor yellow A from Carthamus Tinctorius L is energy-efficient， true and reliable， so it can be extended to the extraction of hydroxyl safflor yellow.

Keywords：hydroxyl safflor yellow A；Smashing tissue extraction；Soaking extraction method；Orthogonal Test A

紅花（Safflower）又稱草紅花、刺紅花、紅花櫻子等，為一年生或兩年生菊科草本植物紅花（Carthamus tinctorius L.）的干燥花，是傳統的活血化瘀中藥。其性溫，味辛，無毒，歸心、肝經，具有活血通絡、祛瘀止痛的功效，臨床常用于治療痛經閉經、血脈閉塞、跌打損傷、冠心病、高血壓和心絞痛等。紅花含有黃酮類、脂肪酸、色素、酚酸、揮發油等多種活性成分[1]。其中醌式查爾酮類化合物紅花黃色素（Safflower yellow，SY）是其有效成分，是紅花發揮藥理作用的物質基礎。紅花黃色素具有熱不穩定性，提取率隨溫度升高而下降，不適于高溫加熱，一般采取溫浸法提取[2-4]，但該法耗時較長，需控溫；也可選用滲漉法或超聲法[5-6]，但轉移率遠低于前者。……