【摘要】 在寬帶通信系統(tǒng)中,IQ信號(hào)不平衡會(huì)導(dǎo)致直流分量, 而由此產(chǎn)生的本振干擾會(huì)落到工作帶內(nèi),嚴(yán)重影響系統(tǒng)性能。實(shí)際使用中需要調(diào)整DAC輸出的IQ信號(hào)幅度和相位來逼近理想正交特性。傳統(tǒng)的方法生產(chǎn)時(shí)逐個(gè)頻點(diǎn)進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)寫表,生產(chǎn)時(shí)校準(zhǔn)寫表的時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)。本文所述的方法利用基站上電完成之前的空閑時(shí)間,不需要在生產(chǎn)時(shí)進(jìn)行DAC校準(zhǔn)寫表,大大提高了生產(chǎn)效率。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 時(shí)分系統(tǒng) IQ校準(zhǔn) 本振干擾
Abstract:In broadband communication systems, IQ signal imbalance will cause the DC component, the resulting effect is that the local oscillator interference will fall into working frequency band, which seriously affects the system performance. In practical use, it need to adjust the amplitude and phase of IQ signal output from DAC(Digital to Analog Converter)to approach the ideal orthogonal property. The traditional method is to calibrate and write table for every frequency point in productive process, which costs for such a long time. The method proposed can complete the process of DAC calibration and write table using leisure time of waiting the finish of base station starting up, rather than wasting the productive time. The method proposed will greatly improve the production efficiency.
Keywords:time-division system;IQ calibration ;local oscillator interference
無線通信基站結(jié)構(gòu)中,發(fā)射通道設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)常使用高中頻IQ調(diào)制器方案,IQ信號(hào)的正交性可以很好的抵消鏡像頻率和本振頻率,因而有著比混頻器更廣泛的應(yīng)用。實(shí)際使用過程中,發(fā)射通道的同相分量I和正交分量Q或多或少存在著幅度和相位的不平衡。數(shù)字域的不平衡度很小,主要是考慮DAC到正交調(diào)制上變頻器的影響,尤其在寬帶通信系統(tǒng)中,IQ信號(hào)不平衡會(huì)導(dǎo)致直流分量,而由此產(chǎn)生的本振干擾會(huì)落到工作帶內(nèi)[1][2]。
實(shí)際使用中需要調(diào)整DAC輸出的IQ信號(hào)幅度和相位來逼近理想正交特性,也就是常說的DAC校準(zhǔn)。校準(zhǔn)通常是基站在生產(chǎn)過程中將某個(gè)頻點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的DAC(輸出模擬IQ信號(hào)的)幅度和相位差異調(diào)整寄存器值寫到存儲(chǔ)器中。當(dāng)更換到某個(gè)頻點(diǎn)時(shí),就從存儲(chǔ)器中讀取相應(yīng)的DAC配置,來調(diào)整IQ平衡,抑制調(diào)制器輸出的本振和鏡像頻率[3][4]。
如果基站的工作帶寬很寬,生產(chǎn)過程中DAC校準(zhǔn)會(huì)花費(fèi)很多的時(shí)間,大大影響了生產(chǎn)效率。以200MHz工作帶寬為例,每隔5MHz間隔頻點(diǎn)進(jìn)行一次校準(zhǔn),每個(gè)點(diǎn)校準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間為15s,那么一個(gè)基站一個(gè)通道的DAC校準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間為10分鐘,如果基站有4個(gè)發(fā)射通道,則校準(zhǔn)時(shí)間為40分鐘。……