少年維特的煩惱

《少年維特的煩惱》是第一部讓歌德在德國幾乎一夜成名的小說。本書于1774年秋天在萊比錫書籍展覽會上面世，并在那里成了暢銷書。由此而來的成功給歌德的一生帶來了名譽和財富。歌德（1749—1832）是德國近代杰出的詩人、作家和思想家。世人公認他是繼但丁和莎士比亞之后西方精神文明最為卓越的代表。

這是一部以第一人稱寫就的書信體小說，帶有濃烈的自傳色彩。小說的情節十分簡單：年輕的維特來到一個小鎮，在一次舞會上愛上一個叫綠蒂的少女，但她已與維特好友訂婚。維特陷入了尷尬和痛苦，毅然離開，力圖從事業上得到解脫，卻并不如意，當重返綠蒂身邊時，發現綠蒂已結婚，決定以死殉情，遂用一支手槍結束了自己的生命。

《少年維特的煩惱》長期以來都是世界許多國家推薦給本國青少年的必讀書。維特的煩惱代表的正是“戀愛大過天”的青少年的心聲。故事中的維特以自殺的激烈方式來結束單戀之苦，而現實中的歌德則是醉心寫作，以抵消愛情的痛苦，并使自己從自殺的念頭中擺脫出來，最終一夜成名。愛情，可能是毀滅，也可能是成全，只在于一念之差。

SEPTEMBER 10

Oh， what a night， Wilhelm！ I can henceforth bear anything. I shall never see her again. Oh， why cannot I fall on your neck， and， with floods of tears and 1）raptures， give 2）utterance to all the passions which distract my heart！ Here I sit gasping for breath， and struggling to compose myself. I wait for day， and at sunrise the horses are to be at the door.

And she is sleeping calmly， little suspecting that she has seen me for the last time. I am free. I have had the courage， in an interview of two hours’ duration， not to betray my intention. And O Wilhelm， what a conversation it was！

Albert had promised to come to Charlotte in the garden immediately after supper. I was upon the terrace under the tall chestnut trees， and watched the setting sun. I saw him sink for the last time beneath this delightful valley and silent stream. I had often visited the same spot with Charlotte， and witnessed that glorious sight； and now—I was walking up and down the very avenue which was so dear to me. A secret sympathy had frequently drawn me 3）thither before I knew Charlotte； and we were delighted when， in our early 4）acquaintance， we discovered that we each loved the same spot， which is indeed as romantic as any that ever captivated the fancy of an artist.

ENgLISH INKWELL地道英文

From beneath the chestnut trees， there is an extensive view. But I remember that I have mentioned all this in a former letter， and have described the tall mass of beech trees at the end， and how the avenue grows darker and darker as it winds its way among them， till it ends in a gloomy 5）recess， which has all the charm of a mysterious solitude. I still remember the strange feeling of 6）melancholy which came over me the first time I entered that dark retreat， at bright midday. I felt some secret 7）foreboding that it would， one day， be to me the scene of some happiness or misery.

I had spent half an hour struggling between the contending thoughts of going and returning， when I heard them coming up the terrace. I ran to meet them. I trembled as I took her hand， and kissed it. As we reached the top of the terrace， the moon rose from behind the wooded hill. We conversed on many subjects， and， without perceiving it， approached the gloomy recess. Charlotte entered， and sat down. Albert seated himself beside her. I did the same， but my 8）agitation did not suffer me to remain long seated. I got up， and stood before her， then walked backward and forward， and sat down again. I was restless and miserable. Charlotte drew our attention to the beautiful effect of the moonlight， which threw a silver hue over the terrace in front of us， beyond the beech trees. It was a glorious sight， and was rendered more striking by the darkness which surrounded the spot where we were. We remained for some time silent， when Charlotte observed， “Whenever I walk by moonlight， it brings to my remembrance all my beloved and departed friends， and I am filled with thoughts of death and 9）futurity. We shall live again， Werther！” she continued， with a firm but feeling voice； “But shall we know one another again， do you think？ What do you say？”

“Charlotte，” I said， as I took her hand in mine， and my eyes filled with tears， “we shall see each other again—here and hereafter we shall meet again.” I could say no more. Why， Wilhelm， should she put this question to me， just at the moment when the fear of our cruel separation filled my heart？

“And oh！ Do those departed ones know how we are employed here？ Do they know when we are well and happy？ Do they know when we recall their memories with the fondest love？ In the silent hour of evening the shade of my mother hovers around me； when seated in the midst of my children， I see them assembled near me， as they used to assemble near her； and then I raise my anxious eyes to heaven， and wish she could look down upon us， and witness how I fulfill the promise I made to her in her last moments， to be a mother to her children. With what emotion do I then exclaim， ‘Pardon， dearest of mothers， pardon me， if I do not adequately supply your place！ Alas！ I do my utmost. They are clothed and fed； and， still better， they are loved and educated. Could you but see， sweet saint！ The peace and harmony that dwells amongst us， you would glorify God with the warmest feelings of gratitude， to whom， in your last hour， you addressed such fervent prayers for our happiness.’”

Thus did she express herself； but O Wilhelm！ Who can do justice to her language？ How can cold and passionless words convey the heavenly expressions of the spirit？ Albert interrupted her gently.“This affects you too deeply， my dear Charlotte. I know your soul dwells on such recollections with intense delight； but I implore—”“O Albert！” she continued， “I am sure you do not forget the evenings when we three used to sit at the little round table， when papa was absent， and the little ones had retired. You often had a good book with you， but seldom read it； the conversation of that noble being was preferable to everything， —that beautiful， bright， gentle， and yet ever-toiling woman. God alone knows how I have 10）supplicated with tears on my nightly couch， that I might be like her.”

I threw myself at her feet， and， seizing her hand， bedewed it with a thousand tears. “Charlotte！”I exclaimed， “God’s blessing and your mother’s spirit are upon you.” “Oh！ That you had known her，” she said， with a warm pressure of the hand.“She was worthy of being known to you.” I thought I should have fainted： never had I received praise so flattering. She continued， “And yet she was doomed to die in the flower of her youth， when her youngest child was scarcely six months old. Her illness was but short， but she was calm and resigned； and it was only for her children， especially the youngest， that she felt unhappy. When her end 11）drew nigh， she bade me bring them to her. I obeyed. The younger ones knew nothing of their approaching loss， while the elder ones were quite overcome with grief. They stood around the bed； and she raised her feeble hands to heaven， and prayed over them； then， kissing them in turn， she dismissed them， and said to me， ‘Be you a mother to them.’I gave her my hand. ‘You are promising much， my child，’ she said： ‘a mother’s fondness and a mother’s care！ I have often witnessed， by your tears of gratitude， that you know what is a mother’s tenderness： show it to your brothers and sisters， and be dutiful and faithful to your father as a wife； you will be his comfort.’ She inquired for him. He had retired to conceal his intolerable 12）anguish， —he was heartbroken， Albert， you were in the room. She heard someone moving： she inquired who it was， and desired you to approach. She surveyed us both with a look of 13）composure and satisfaction， expressive of her 14）conviction that we should be happy， —happy with one another.” Albert fell upon her neck， and kissed her， and exclaimed， “We are so， and we shall be so！” Even Albert， generally so tranquil， had quite lost his composure； and I was excited beyond expression.

“And such a being，” She continued， “was to leave us， Werther！ Great God， must we thus part with everything we hold dear in this world？ Nobody felt this more acutely than the children： they cried and lamented for a long time afterward， complaining that men had carried away their dear mamma.”

Charlotte rose. It aroused me； but I continued sitting， and held her hand. “Let us go，” she said：“it grows late.” She attempted to withdraw her hand： I held it still. “We shall see each other again，” I exclaimed： “we shall recognise each other under every possible change！ I am going，”I continued， “going willingly； but， should I say forever， perhaps I may not keep my word. 15）Adieu， Charlotte； adieu， Albert. We shall meet again.” “Yes： tomorrow， I think，” she answered with a smile. Tomorrow！ How I felt the word！ Ah！ She little thought， when she drew her hand away from mine. They walked down the avenue. I stood gazing after them in the moonlight. I threw myself upon the ground， and wept： I then sprang up， and ran out upon the terrace， and saw， under the shade of the 16）linden-trees， her white dress disappearing near the garden-gate. I stretched out my arms， and she vanished.

九月十日

噢，那是怎樣一個夜晚啊，威廉！今后我一切都可以承受了。我再也見不到她了！噢，我恨不能撲到你懷里，痛痛快快地哭一場，向你傾吐所有牽動我心的激動情懷！此刻，我坐在一旁，上氣不接下氣，掙扎著讓自己平靜下來。我期待白天的到來，太陽一出，我的馬匹就會在門前備好。……