一生只寫一部著作的巨匠

1. Margaret Mitchell—Gone with the Wind （1936）

瑪格麗特·米切爾——《亂世佳人》（1936）

Published in 1936， the sweeping tale of Scarlett and Rhett was an instant success. Mitchell， the writer of Gone with the Wind， won the Pulitzer Prize and saw her debut novel turned into a Hollywood epic.

Mitchell hated fame and declared that she would not write another word as long as she lived. She died in a road accident in 1949. In 1995， an unpublished manuscript she had written as a teenager was discovered. It was published the following year as Lost Laysen， a romantic novella set in the South Pacific.

小說于1936年發表后，斯嘉麗和瑞特的故事立刻橫掃全球，獲得了巨大的成功。小說《亂世佳人》的作者米切爾不僅獲得了普利策獎，還見證了自己的首部小說被搬上熒屏成為好萊塢的經典。

米切爾是個不喜名譽的人，她宣稱在有生之年不再寫任何東西。1949年，她死于一場車禍。1995年，她寫于青少年時期的一份未經發表的手稿被發現。次年，這部名為《失去的萊松島》的中篇小說被發表。小說描寫了發生在南太平洋上的一個愛情故事。

2. Oscar Wilde—The Picture of Dorian Grey （1890）

奧斯卡·王爾德——《道林·格雷的畫像》（1890）

While Wilde built a career of writing poetry and plays， his arguably most controversial work was his only published novel. At the end of the 19th century its narrative of obsession， murder and hedonism offended Victorian society， with critics dubbing The Picture of Dorian Grey everything from “effeminate” to “unclean”. Perhaps it rubbed off： Wilde never wrote another novel again.

王爾德以寫詩歌和戲劇為職業，而他最受爭議的作品是他出版的唯一一部小說。這部小說中對癡戀、謀殺及享樂主義的敘述冒犯了19世紀末維多利亞時期的上流社會人士，評論者對《道林·格雷的畫像》的批評從“女人氣”轉向“不純潔”。或許是因為這些批評，王爾德之后再沒寫過任何一部小說。

3. Boris Pasternak—Dr Zhivago （1957）

鮑里斯·帕斯捷爾納克——《日瓦戈醫生》（1957）

While Pasternak was an acclaimed poet， he only published one novel： Dr Zhivago. The tome struggled to get published because of Pasternak’s controversial attitude to socialism in Soviet Russia. The manuscript was smuggled out of Russia before being published in Italy. When the novel won Pasternak the Nobel Prize in 1958， he was forced to turn it down by the Soviet authorities—or else face exile or prison. However， it was not this strife which meant Pasternak never published another novel， but the fact he died two years later from lung cancer.

雖然帕斯捷爾納克是一位著名的詩人，但他只出版了一部小說：《日瓦戈醫生》。由于作者對于蘇聯社會主義的態度引發爭議，所以這部小說的出版過程相當艱難。小說手稿是在被私運出蘇聯之后才在意大利出版的。1958年帕斯捷爾納克憑借這部小說獲得諾貝爾文學獎，但蘇聯政府強迫他拒絕獎項，否則將對其施以放逐或監禁。當然并不是這場斗爭導致帕斯捷爾納克不再發表小說的，而是兩年后他因肺癌去世了。

4. J.D. Salinger—The Catcher in the Rye （1951）

杰羅姆·大衛·塞林格——《麥田里的守望者》（1951）

Although he wrote short stories and the novella Franny and Zooey， The Catcher in the Rye was Salinger’s only novel. The author was believed to have retreated from society to spend his last half century as a hermit， until letters published not long ago revealed that he had been travelling the world， visiting West End shows and popping into Burger King， all the while happily chatting to strangers who had no idea who he was.

雖然塞林格寫短篇小說，中篇小說《弗蘭妮與祖伊》也是他的作品，但《麥田里的守望者》是他唯一一部長篇小說。據說這位作家的后半生遠離社會紛擾，做了一名隱士，但不久前發表的信件表明他曾經周游世界，觀看過倫敦西區劇院的演出，也匆匆走進過漢堡王快餐店，跟不認識他的人一起愉快地聊天。

5. Emily Bronte—Wuthering Heights （1847）

艾米莉·勃朗特——《呼嘯山莊》（1847）

Bronte published her one and only novel under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. She died the following year， aged 30， from tuberculosis. In 1850， a new edition of Wuthering Heights was published with a preface written by her sister， Charlotte.

勃朗特以筆名埃利斯·貝爾出版了其唯一一部小說，次年30歲的她死于肺結核。1850年，新版《呼嘯山莊》出版，勃朗特的姐姐夏洛特為其撰寫前言。

6. Marcel Proust—In Search of Lost Time （1913-1927）

馬塞爾·普魯斯特——《追憶似水年華》（1913-1927）

Its 4，215 pages are split over seven volumes， but In Search of Lost Time counts as one novel. Proust started writing it in 1909， and was still working on until he fell ill for the final time， weeks before his death in November 1922. Although the novel continued to be published 5 years after his death， Proust raised the funds to publish the first part of it himself in 1913.

雖然4215頁的長度被分成七卷，但《追憶似水年華》被看作是一部小說。普魯斯特于1909年開始創作，直到1922年11月因病去世前的那段時間依然在寫作。1913年，普魯斯特自己籌錢發表了小說的第一部分。他去世之后，這部小說又接連發表了5年的時間。

7. Anna Sewell—Black Beauty （1877）

安娜·西韋爾——《黑駿馬》

（1877）

English novelist Sewell wrote the equine children’s classic in the last years of her life while she confined to bed by ill health. There she worked on it for 7 years， finally being published 6 months before she died—just long enough for her to witness its instant early success.

英國作家西韋爾生命中的最后幾年因病在床上度過，在此期間她寫下了這部與馬有關的經典兒童小說。她花了7年的時間完成它，最終這部小說在她去世前6個月得以發表，使得她能夠親眼見證小說的早期成功。