重點知識園地
Unit 10 "I’d like some noodles.
重點詞匯
1. 有關食物的詞匯
noodle "n. "面條
beef "n. "牛肉
potato "n. "土豆;馬鈴薯
special "n. amp; adj. "特色菜
meat "n. "(可食用的)肉
dumpling "n. "餃子
fish "n. "魚;魚肉
2. would "v. "(表示意愿)愿意
I would like to have some tea.
我想喝點茶。
3. large "adj. "大號的;大的
I think she has a large family.
我想她家人口眾多。
注意:large用于修飾人數時表示人口數量多。
4. world "n. "世界
English now is popular in the world.
英語是現在世界流行的語言。
5. answer nbsp;n. "答案 " "v. "回答
That is the answer to the question.
那就是這個問題的答案。
She can answer this question.
她能回答出這個問題。
6. different "adj. "不同的
His mother finds something different about him.
他母親注意到他的與眾不同。
7. if "conj. "如果
If the book is yours, where is mine?
如果這本書是你的,我的在哪兒?
8. idea "n. "想法;主意
She can think of an idea.
她能想出一個辦法。
常用詞組
a (large) bowl of... "一(大)碗……
around the world "世界各地
make a wish "許愿
blow out "吹滅
cut up "切碎
beef noodles "牛肉面
potato salad "土豆沙拉
orange juice "橘汁
重要句型
1. What kind of ...would you like? "你想要……嗎?
2. What size bowl of... would you like? "你們想要多大碗的……?
We’d like a small/medium/large bowl of...
我們想要一小/中/大碗的……
3. Would you like...? "你需要……嗎?
4. May I take your order?
你準備好點菜了嗎?
5. What’s your age? =How old are you?
你多大了?
基本語法
1. would like的用法
1) would like = want意為“想要”,其后可以直接跟名詞或帶to的動詞不定式作賓語,也可跟“sb to do”,表示請求,使語氣委婉。
2) would like sth "想要某物
He would like a bowl of noodles.
= He wants a bowl of noodles. "他想要一碗面。
2. would like的一般疑問句及回答
would like的一般疑問句句型為“Would sb like...?” 肯定回答常用“Yes, please./ Yes, I would like to.”,否定回答常用“No, thanks./ I’d like to, but...”。
— Would you like a cup of tea? "你想要杯茶嗎?
— Yes, please./ No, thanks. "好的。/不用,謝謝!
— Would you like to go shopping with me?
你想和我去購物嗎?
— Yes, I’d like to./ I’d like to, but I have to do my homework.
是的,我想去。/我想去,但我必須得做作業。
3. 不可數名詞數量的表示法
a bowl of "一碗
a glass of "一杯(玻璃杯)
a box of "一箱/一盒子
a bag of "一袋
a cup of "一杯(瓷杯)
4. 多數情況下,名詞做定語時(即名詞修飾名詞),定語不用復數。
an apple tree—five apple trees
beef and tomato noodles
注意:當第一個名詞變復數為不規則變化時,用法如下:
a woman teacher—two women teachers
a man doctor—three men doctors
(即:兩個名詞都變為復數)
Unit 11 "How was your school trip?
重點詞匯
1. feed "v. "喂養;飼養
Don’t forget to feed your pet dog.
別忘了喂你的小狗。
1) feed sth to... "把某物喂給……
2) feed...on/with... "用……喂……
She feeds milk to the baby.
= She feeds the baby on/with milk. "她用牛奶喂嬰兒。
3) feed on... "以……為食
Pandas feed on bamboo.
大熊貓以竹子為食。
2. grow "v. "種植;生長;發育
My hair grows too long.
我的頭發長太長了。
Farmers grow wheat in the field.
農民在這塊土地上種小麥。
3. pick "v. "采;摘
You mustn’t pick apples from that tree.
你絕不能摘那棵樹上的蘋果。
4. worry "v. amp; n. "擔心;擔憂
Don’t worry. The cat is fine.
別擔心,小貓很好。
5. expensive "adj. "昂貴的
The books here are expensive.
這里的書真貴。
6. cheap "adj. "廉價的;便宜的
You can’t buy it only because it’s cheap.
不能因為便宜就買下。
7. everything "pron. "所有事物;一切
Many parents try to do everything for their children.
父母試圖為孩子做一切事情。
1) everything作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。
2) everything,anything等不定代詞被形容詞修飾時,形容詞應置于不定代詞后面。
We must use everything useful.
我們必須使用一切有用的東西。
8. hear "v. "聽到;聽見
Please be quiet. I can hear everything.
小聲點,我什么都能聽見。
比較:hear和listen
hear強調“聽到、聽見”,可能是有意識也可能是無意識地“聽見”;listen強調有意識或注意地“聽”,不強調“聽”的“結果”。
I listened carefully, but I heard nothing.
我仔細聽,但什么也沒聽見。
常用詞組
milk a cow "給奶牛擠奶
ride a horse "騎馬
feed chickens 喂雞
in the countryside "在鄉下;在農村
fire station "消防站
all in all "總的說來
climb the mountains "爬山
come out "出來
重要句型
1. How + be + sb/sth? "……(情況)怎樣?
— How is Tom? "湯姆怎么樣了?
— He is quite OK. "他很好。
2. Did you go to...? "你剛才去了……嗎?
3. It was so much fun. "如此有趣。
4. It is + 形容詞 (+ for sb) + to do sth
“(對某人來說)做某事很……”這一句型中常用的形容詞有hard/difficult/easy/important/interesting/necessary等。
It’s important for students to study English well.
對于學生們來說,學好英語很重要。
基本語法
一般過去時態(一)
一般過去時態表示過去某個時間發生的動作、存在的狀態或過去習慣性、經常性的動作等,動詞通常用一般過去式來表示,除be動詞的過去式was/were有人稱變化,其他都沒有人稱的變化。
1. 動詞過去式的構成
1) 一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed
stay—stayed " "help—helped " "visit—visited
2) 以不發音的e結尾的動詞加-d
like—liked " "live—lived
3) 以一個元音字母加一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞,應雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed
stop—stopped " "plan—planned
4) 以輔音字母 + y結尾的動詞,要將y改為i再加-ed
study—studied " "worry—worried
2. 不規則動詞的過去式
am/is—was " "are—were " "have—had
go—went " "find—found " "do—did " "see—saw
3. 巧記不規則動詞的過去式
1) 動詞過去式與原形一樣
put→put " "let→let " "read→read " "cut→cut " "hurt→hurt
2) 動詞過去式以-ought結尾
think→thought " "buy→bought " "bring→brought " "fight→fought
3) 動詞過去式以-aught結尾
teach→taught " "catch→caught
4) 動詞原形末尾的-ow/-aw,大多數變為-ew
know→knew " "grow→grew " "throw→threw " "draw→drew
5) 將動詞原形中的ee變為e,詞尾加-t
keep→kept " "feel→felt " "sleep→slept " "sweep→swept
6) 將動詞原形末尾的-d變為-t
build→built " "lend→lent " "send→sent " "spend→spent
7) 將動詞原形中的i改為a或o
ring→rang " "sit→sat " "drink→drank " "sing→sang " "swim→swam " "begin→began " "give→gave " "ride→rode drive→drove " "write→wrote
Unit 12 "What did you do last weekend?
重點詞匯
1. natural "adj. "自然的
Typhoo is a natural disaster.
臺風是自然災害。
2. tired "adj. "疲倦的;疲勞的
You look so tired!
你看起來很累!
be/get tired of "厭倦;厭煩
She got tired of watching TV all day.
她對整天看電視感到厭煩。
tiring "adj. "使人疲勞的
常用來修飾物;而tired常用來修飾人。
It was a tiring day and she felt very tired.
這是累人的一天,她感覺很累。
3. stay "v. "停留;待
Stay here till I get home.
我回來之前留在這兒。
4. shout "v. "呼叫;喊叫
Stop shouting at me!
別對我大呼小叫!
5. surprise "n. "驚訝;驚奇 " "v. "使吃驚
I got a terrible surprise.
我被嚇了一大跳。
s
1) in surprise "吃驚
She looked at me in surprise.
她吃驚地看著我。
2) to one’s surprise "令某人驚奇的是
To our surprise, the old man is still learning English.
令我們驚奇的是,這位老人還在學習英語。
6. move "v. "移動
She helped me move the heavy box.
她幫我挪了挪那個重箱子。
7. start "v. "開始;著手
He starts study at 8 o’clock in the evening.
他晚上8點開始學習。
8. wake "v. "弄醒;醒
1) wake...up "把……弄醒
The noise woke me up.
那響聲把我吵醒了。
注意:如果wake...up的賓語是代詞,必須把代詞放中間。
2) wake up還可意為“醒來”,此時其后不接賓語。
I usually wake up at 6 o’clock in the morning.
我早上通常6點醒來。
常用詞組
stay up late "深夜不睡;熬夜
fly a kite "放風箏
high school "中學
up and down "上上下下;起伏
重要句型
1. What did sb do? "……剛才做了……?
2. Who did sb do with? "……和……一起做了……?
基本語法
一般過去時態(二)
一、一般過去時的各種句式
1. be動詞的一般過去時
肯定句:Sb was/were...
否定句:Sb was/were + not...
一般疑問句:Was/Were sb...?
(過去時一般疑問句的簡略回答為“Yes,sb was/were”或“No,sb wasn’t/weren’t”。)
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞 + was/were + sb...?
2. 實義動詞的一般過去時
肯定句:sb + 動詞過去式……
否定句:sb did not + 動詞原形……
一般疑問句:Did sb + 動詞原形……?
(該類過去時一般疑問句的簡略回答為“Yes,sb did”或“No,sb didn’t”。)
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞 + did sb + 動詞原形...?/特殊疑問詞 + 動詞過去式...?
二、一般過去時的判斷
1. 當句中出現表示過去的時間狀語時
1) yesterday morning, at five o’clock yesterday;
2) last week, last year, last Sunday afternoon;
3) 一段時間+ago,表示“(多久)以前”,如:ten years ago。
4)表示過去的時間短語,如:in the 1990s/ on May 1st 1892, in the old days等。
2. 根據句意確知某一動作發生在過去
Edison invented many useful things. 愛迪生發明過許多有用的東西。
3. 句中出現時間、讓步或結果狀語從句時,主句用過去時,從句也用過去時。
The man drank some water after he got up in the morning.
他早上起床后會喝些水。