
摘 要: 隨著微電子技術的廣泛應用及電磁環境越來越復雜,靜電放電(ESD)對電子設備的危害日益嚴重。參照IEC61000?4?2標準,對某型設備進行間接靜電放電和直接靜電放電試驗研究。通過對該型設備的結構特點進行分析,歸納總結出其典型的結構特征,即以金屬結構為主體且金屬外殼接大地的設備。通過試驗及工程經驗,介紹了以金屬結構為主體且金屬外殼接大地的設備靜電放電問題,分析了可能產生的ESD問題的原因,并提出了相應的整改措施,在此基礎上,提出相應的ESD防護設計措施。
關鍵詞: 靜電放電; 電子設備; 金屬結構; 防護措施
中圖分類號: TN911?34 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1004?373X(2015)24?0118?03
Rectification and protection of ESD problem for metal structure equipments
WU Yong1, ZHANG Jianhu1, LEI Lei1, CHEN Shichun1, ZHANG Jun2
(1. Wuhan Ordnance Noncommissioned Officers Academy, Wuhan 430075, China; 2. Unit 78618 of PLA, Chengdu 610100, China)
Abstract: With the wide application of microelectronic technology and more complication of electromagnetic environment, the harm of electrostatic discharge (ESD) to electronic equipments has become increasingly serious. According to IEC61000?4?2 standard, the indirect and direct ESD tests for a certain equipment are studied. With the analysis of the structure characteristics for this type of equipment, its typical structure feature is summarized, in which its main body is metal structure and its metal case is grounded. The ESD problem for the equipment of metal structure and case grounding are introduced by experiments and engineering experiences. The reasons that may cause ESD problem are analyzed. The corresponding rectification measures are proposed. Based on the above, the corresponding design and protection measures for ESD are presented.
Keywords: ESD; electronic equipment; metal structure; protection measure
0 引 言
靜電放電(ESD)有時可形成一個高電壓、強電場、瞬時脈沖大電流,這時ESD會產生強烈的電磁輻射,形成電磁脈沖。這種近場電磁脈沖經常對各種電子設備造成電磁干擾。靜電放電電磁脈沖具有:陡峭的上升沿、豐富的高頻諧波、近場幅值很高等特點[1?2]。在ESD實際的近磁場可達數百μT,電場可達數kV/m。正是由于ESD的這些特性,ESD可通過傳導途徑對敏感設備進行干擾,也能經空間電磁輻射場將能量耦合到附近設備上,并對其造成較強的干擾或損傷[3?5]。此外,電子器件集成化程度越來越高,電子產品日趨小型化,電子器件的布置距離越來越近,尤其一些體積更小的門類的電子元器件對靜電是十分敏感。因此,對已出現ESD問題的設備進行診斷及整改,并總結出防護對策,對于防止靜電對各種電子設備的干擾與損害具有重要意義。……