紀(jì)·二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年 念·世界和平與自由

On May 8th， 1945， Germany signed unconditional capitulation in Berlin， which marked the end of WWII in Europe and the victory of world anti-Fascist war. Since then Europe and America have made the day as the V-day of WWII. Due to the time lag， Soviet Union and Russia makes May 9th as the memorial day of winning the battle against German Fascist and it is also called “the V-day of Soviet Union’s Great Patriotic War against Nazi Germany”.

On May 8th， 2015， 70 years later， governments of countries carried out a series of grand ceremonies and activities and memorize the 70th anniversary of the victory of WWII in kinds of ways.

1945年5月8日，德國(guó)在柏林簽署了無(wú)條件投降書(shū)，這標(biāo)志著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)在歐洲終結(jié)，也意味著世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利。自此之后，歐洲和美國(guó)多把這一天定為二戰(zhàn)勝利日。而由于時(shí)差原因，前蘇聯(lián)及其后的俄羅斯則將5月9日作為戰(zhàn)勝德國(guó)法西斯紀(jì)念日，又稱(chēng)“衛(wèi)國(guó)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利日”。

70年后的2015年5月8日，各國(guó)政府舉行了一系列隆重的儀式和活動(dòng)，以各種形式紀(jì)念二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年。

Russia： military parade was held for the 70th anniversary of the victory of patriotic war

俄羅斯：舉行衛(wèi)國(guó)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年閱兵式

On May 9th， 2015 local time， many cities of Russia launched military parades to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the victory of the great patriotic war. Among them， the parade held at the Red Square of Moscow Russia was the largest one in modern times.

It was reported that， there were 16500 soldiers participated in the military parade including the honor guards from Armenia， Azerbaijan， Belarus， Kyrgyzstan， Mongolia， Kazakhstan， India， Turkmenistan， Serbia， and China.

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2015年5月9日，俄羅斯多個(gè)城市都舉行閱兵儀式，以慶祝偉大的衛(wèi)國(guó)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年。其中，俄羅斯首都紅場(chǎng)舉行的閱兵式則是俄近代以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的一次。

據(jù)報(bào)道，此次共有16500名士兵參與紅場(chǎng)閱兵，其中包括亞美尼亞、阿塞拜疆、白俄羅斯、蒙古、哈薩克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦、印度、土庫(kù)曼斯坦、塞爾維亞，以及中國(guó)的儀仗隊(duì)。

Russian armed forces sent 200 chariots and 143 airplanes and helicopters in this air parade.

Four parts composed the cruise， first was the old arms in WWII， then infantry， machinery armed forces and flight formation.

俄羅斯武裝力量動(dòng)用200輛戰(zhàn)車(chē)及143架飛機(jī)和直升機(jī)參與此次空中閱兵。

巡游隊(duì)伍由四部分組成，首先參與閱兵的是二戰(zhàn)中的舊式武裝，然后是步兵，第三部分展示機(jī)械武裝部隊(duì)，最后是飛行編隊(duì)的檢閱。

France： thousands of veterans

were granted Medal of Honor

法國(guó)：上千老兵被授予榮譽(yù)勛章

On May 8th， 2015 local time， French President Fran Ois Hollande hosted the memorial activity for the 70th anniversary of the victory of WWII in Paris and called on the younger generation to heritage the spirit of resistance movement. It was reported that at the time， about 1700 veterans， soldiers and sufferers of concentration camp were granted Medal of Honor to praise their historical contribution and achievements.

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2015年5月8日，法國(guó)總統(tǒng)弗朗索瓦·奧朗德在巴黎主持二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，號(hào)召法國(guó)年青一代繼承抵抗運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神。此間媒體的報(bào)道說(shuō)，在紀(jì)念二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年之際，全法約有1700名二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期老兵、抵抗運(yùn)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)士和集中營(yíng)受難者被授予法國(guó)榮譽(yù)軍團(tuán)勛章，以表彰他們的歷史貢獻(xiàn)和功績(jī)。

In the morning of 8th， Hollande presented a bouquet to the bronze statue of General De Gaulle at the Avenue des Champs Elysees and then came to the Triumphal Arch Square guarded by Republican guard cavalry to light the pilot flame of the tomb of unknown soldiers and present red， white and blue three-color wreath. He also reviewed the honor guard of the three services accompanied by Premier Valls and Defense Minister Le Drian and met the representatives of veteran.

Senate Speaker Larcher， National Assembly President Bartolone and family members of General De Gaulle also took part in the ceremony. As representative of WWII ally， US State Secretary Kerry attended with the delegates. Accompanied by French Minister of Foreign Affairs Fabius， he stood in silent tribute at the tomb of unknown soldiers in Triumphal Arch.

8日上午，奧朗德首先向位于香榭麗舍大道上的戴高樂(lè)將軍銅像獻(xiàn)花，隨后在共和國(guó)衛(wèi)隊(duì)騎兵護(hù)衛(wèi)下來(lái)到凱旋門(mén)廣場(chǎng)，為無(wú)名烈士墓撥亮長(zhǎng)明火，敬獻(xiàn)紅白藍(lán)三色花圈。他還在政府總理瓦爾斯和國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)勒德里昂陪同下檢閱三軍儀仗隊(duì)，并接見(jiàn)老兵代表。

法國(guó)參議院議長(zhǎng)拉爾謝和國(guó)民議會(huì)議長(zhǎng)巴爾托洛內(nèi)以及戴高樂(lè)將軍家屬參加了紀(jì)念儀式。作為二戰(zhàn)盟國(guó)代表，美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克里也率團(tuán)出席。他在法國(guó)外長(zhǎng)法比尤斯陪同下，在凱旋門(mén)無(wú)名烈士墓前默哀致意。

Germany： a series of memorial activities

were carried out for the 70th anniversary

of the surrender of Nazi

德國(guó)：舉行系列活動(dòng)紀(jì)念納粹投降70周年

According to Deutsche Welle， on May 6th， 2015， Germany President Gauk came to the memorial cemetery of Soviet prisoner of war camp in Stukenbrock， a small at the northeast part of Nordrhein-Westfalen in Germany to participate in the memorial activities of the 70th anniversary of the end of WWII.

“No. 326 prisoner of war camp” there was one of the main camps of Soviet soldiers kept by Germany during WWII and there were over 310，000 people being locked up here from 1941 to 1945， including 300，000 Soviet Red Amy soldiers. The memorial cemetery has buried about 65000 Soviet prisoners of war and 10000 of them were identified.

據(jù)德國(guó)之聲報(bào)道，當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2015年5月6日，德國(guó)總統(tǒng)高克來(lái)到位于德國(guó)北威州東北部小城施洛斯霍爾特-施圖肯布羅克的蘇軍戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)紀(jì)念公墓，出席在那里舉行的二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。

位于當(dāng)?shù)氐摹吧G第326號(hào)戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)”曾是二戰(zhàn)期間德國(guó)最主要的蘇軍戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)之一，1941年至1945年共關(guān)押戰(zhàn)俘超過(guò)31萬(wàn)人，包括約30萬(wàn)蘇聯(lián)紅軍官兵。蘇軍戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)紀(jì)念公墓安葬了約6.5萬(wàn)名遇難的蘇軍戰(zhàn)俘，其中1萬(wàn)多人的身份已經(jīng)得到確認(rèn)。

In the solemn music， Gauk presented wreath to the monument of the victims of Soviet war prisoners and unveiled the memorial wall engraved of identified war prisoners with names and birth and death date. He said in the speech that， he would like to voice the respect to all the 5.3 million Soviet Red Amy locked up in Germany camp. Gauk also visited warfare memorial place of Lubusz， a city at the boundary of Brandenburg and Poland to present wreath to the cemetery of Soviet Red Amy there.

On that day， Bundestag of Germany and Bundesrat of Germany together held activities for the 70th anniversary of the victory of anti-Fascist war and premier Merkel also attended there. German Federal Parliament Speaker Norbert Lammert said that， for Europe， May 8th is the liberation day， but it was not Germany liberated German. He appreciated the forgiveness and understanding by surrounding countries for German’s faults in WWII and mourned the soldiers of western allied forces and Soviet Red Amy killed in the battle. “They put an end to the horrible rule of Nazi but suffered unimaginable loss.”

當(dāng)日，德國(guó)聯(lián)邦議院和聯(lián)邦參議院聯(lián)合舉行反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，德國(guó)總理默克爾也參加了這一紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。聯(lián)邦議院議長(zhǎng)拉默特在活動(dòng)中表示，對(duì)歐洲大陸來(lái)說(shuō)，5月8日是解放日，但卻不是德國(guó)人自己解放了自己，他感謝周邊國(guó)家對(duì)德國(guó)在二戰(zhàn)中犯下過(guò)錯(cuò)的諒解和寬恕，并向當(dāng)年西方盟軍及蘇聯(lián)紅軍陣亡士兵表示悼念。“他們結(jié)束了納粹的恐怖統(tǒng)治，也承受難以想像的損失。”

在莊嚴(yán)樂(lè)曲聲中，高克向蘇軍戰(zhàn)俘遇難者紀(jì)念碑敬獻(xiàn)花圈，并為刻有已確認(rèn)身份戰(zhàn)俘姓名及生卒年月的紀(jì)念墻揭幕。高克在演講中表示，向在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間被關(guān)押在德國(guó)戰(zhàn)俘營(yíng)的所有530萬(wàn)蘇聯(lián)紅軍表達(dá)敬意。高克還參觀了勃蘭登堡州與波蘭邊界城市盧布斯的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)紀(jì)念地，向當(dāng)年陣亡的蘇聯(lián)紅軍士兵墓地獻(xiàn)了花圈。

Britain： leaders of four parties

attended memorial activities

英國(guó)：四大政黨領(lǐng)袖出席紀(jì)念活動(dòng)

At p.m. 3：00 May 8th， 2015， Britain held activities at the Cenotaph in London for the 70th anniversary of the end of WWII.

The reappointed Prime Minister Cameron， Conservative Party leader， Labor Party leader Milliband， Liberal Democratic leader Clegg and Scottish National Party leader Sturgeon attended there and presented red garlands to the Cenotaph. Second son of Queen Elizabeth II， Duke of York， and Prince Andrew presented garland on behalf of British Royal Family. Many veterans of WWII took part in the activities as well.

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2015年5月8日下午3點(diǎn)，英國(guó)在倫敦和平紀(jì)念碑前舉辦活動(dòng)，紀(jì)念二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束70周年。

剛剛連任英國(guó)首相的保守黨領(lǐng)袖卡梅倫、工黨領(lǐng)袖米利班德、自民黨領(lǐng)袖克萊格、蘇格蘭民族黨領(lǐng)袖斯特金出席活動(dòng)，向和平紀(jì)念碑敬獻(xiàn)紅色花環(huán)。英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白二世的次子、約克公爵安德魯王子代表英國(guó)王室向和平紀(jì)念碑敬獻(xiàn)花環(huán)。多名二戰(zhàn)老兵也出席了當(dāng)天的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。

The time was chosen because at p.m. 3：00 May 8th， 1945， the current Prime Minister Churchill declared the end of WWII to British people and delivered the famous speech celebrating the victory. At the memorial activity， Churchill’s great-grandson Randolph Churchill read the expert of the speech 70 years ago.

At that night， Britain lighted up hundreds of lighthouses from Newcastle to Cornwall and Windsor Park lighted up high V-type lamplight. The “V-type” gesture invented by Churchill then became the gesture for “victory” worldwide.

The activities continued for 3 days. On May 9th， everywhere in Britain knock the church bell on a.m. 11：00 and a memorial concert was held in London. On May 10th， Queen Elizabeth II and royal members attended the pray ceremony in Westminster Abbey and the parade at London center.

英國(guó)選擇在下午3點(diǎn)舉辦紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，是因?yàn)樵?945年5月8日下午3點(diǎn)，時(shí)任英國(guó)首相丘吉爾向英國(guó)人民宣布二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束，并發(fā)表了慶祝勝利的著名演講。在當(dāng)天的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)上，丘吉爾的曾孫倫道夫·丘吉爾朗誦了70年前丘吉爾的講話摘錄。

當(dāng)天晚上，英國(guó)點(diǎn)亮從紐卡斯?fàn)柕娇滴譅柨さ陌儆嘧鶡羲瑴厣珗@亮起巨大的V型燈光，丘吉爾發(fā)明的“V”型手勢(shì)后來(lái)成為全球通用的“勝利”手勢(shì)標(biāo)識(shí)。

英國(guó)慶祝二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年的活動(dòng)持續(xù)了3天。5月9日，英國(guó)各地都在上午11點(diǎn)敲響教堂的鐘聲，并在倫敦舉行了一場(chǎng)紀(jì)念音樂(lè)會(huì)。5月10日，英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白二世和王室成員出席了在威斯敏斯特大教堂舉行的祈禱儀式，倫敦市中心舉行紀(jì)念游行活動(dòng)。

America： old military planes flew over Washington to grandly memorize

the 70th anniversary of the victory

on European battlefield

美國(guó)：老軍機(jī)飛越華盛頓，

隆重紀(jì)念歐洲戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)勝利70周年

On May 8th， 2015 local time， America held memorial activities for the 70th anniversary of the victory of WWII in Washington， the capital. President Obama made a statement and paid tributes to American soldiers in the battle. He said that， on the day 70 years later from that time， we should salute to the 160 million American soldiers in the war and memorize the sacrificed 400，000. He also said， it should also pay respects to all the American soldiers on active duty and thank you them for continuing safeguarding America’s freedom now. Rice， assistant of American President state security affairs， said that， the WWII built a new America and memorizing it is not only cherish the memory of the past， but also let young people know the hard-won peace and freedom.

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2015年5月8日，美國(guó)在首都華盛頓舉行二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬發(fā)表聲明紀(jì)念二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年，并向參戰(zhàn)的美軍士兵致敬。他在聲明中表示，70年后的今天，我們要向參與那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的1600萬(wàn)美軍士兵致敬，同時(shí)紀(jì)念在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上犧牲的40萬(wàn)美軍將士。他還表示，要向全體現(xiàn)役美軍士兵致敬，感謝他們?cè)?0年后的今天繼續(xù)捍衛(wèi)美國(guó)的自由。美國(guó)總統(tǒng)國(guó)家安全事務(wù)助理賴(lài)斯表示，二戰(zhàn)塑造了全新的美國(guó)，紀(jì)念二戰(zhàn)勝利不僅僅是緬懷過(guò)去，更是要讓今天的年輕人了解這來(lái)之不易的和平與自由。

After the activities， dozens of military planes serviced in WWII “re-buckled their armor” and flew over Lincoln Memorial， WWII Monument and the Obelisk.

92-year-old veteran Paul Dana Stan said to the media that， it makes people sigh about the war 70 years ago and too many people couldn’t survive from the battle like him. He was a mechanical engineer of marine corp. He said， “I am very proud of my military life and it is my duty to safeguard freedom.”

紀(jì)念活動(dòng)結(jié)束后，數(shù)十架二戰(zhàn)期間服役的美軍戰(zhàn)機(jī)重新“披掛上陣”，飛越林肯紀(jì)念堂、二戰(zhàn)紀(jì)念碑以及方尖碑等標(biāo)志性建筑。

92歲的二戰(zhàn)老兵保羅·丹納斯坦對(duì)媒體表示，70年前的那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)令人唏噓，太多的人無(wú)法和他一樣從戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上生還。丹納斯坦在二戰(zhàn)期間曾是美海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)的一名機(jī)械工程師。他說(shuō)，“我對(duì)我的軍旅生涯感到驕傲，捍衛(wèi)自由是我該做的事。”

China： military parade of

the 70th anniversary of the victory of

WWII will be held for the first time

中國(guó)：將首次對(duì)二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年進(jìn)行閱兵

President Xi Jinping of China said， “70 years ago， the great China's Resistance War against Japanese Aggression opened up the eastern battle field of world anti-Fascist war， which made great contribution that should be recorded by history in terms of saving the nation in peril， realizing national independence and people liberation and promoting the grand cause of world peace.”

History is not only a monument but also a mirror. Only by remembering history， can we create the future. On September 3rd， 2015， China will welcome the first official “The Chinese people's anti-Japanese War victory day”.

中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平說(shuō)道，“70年前，偉大的中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，開(kāi)辟了世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，為挽救民族危亡、實(shí)現(xiàn)民族獨(dú)立和人民解放，為爭(zhēng)取世界和平的偉大事業(yè)，作出了彪炳史冊(cè)的貢獻(xiàn)。”

歷史不僅是一座豐碑，更是一面鏡子，只有銘記歷史，才能開(kāi)創(chuàng)未來(lái)。2015年9月3日，中國(guó)將迎來(lái)首個(gè)法定“中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利紀(jì)念日”。

The year of 2015 is not only the 70th anniversary of the victory of WWII， but also the 70th anniversary of Chinese people's anti-Japanese War victory. At that time， China will hold military parade of grand momentum at Tian An Men to celebrate it and will invite heads of other countries here for the first time. It is the only military parade except the ones on National Day. So it can be seen that for the 70th anniversary of the victory of WWII， China pays equal attention to as the National Day.

2015年不僅是二戰(zhàn)勝利的70周年，同時(shí)也是中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利的70周年。屆時(shí)，中國(guó)將在天安門(mén)舉辦氣勢(shì)磅礴的閱兵活動(dòng)以紀(jì)念反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年，而且將首次邀請(qǐng)外國(guó)元首參加。這是除了國(guó)慶節(jié)之外首次進(jìn)行閱兵，由此可見(jiàn)，對(duì)于二戰(zhàn)勝利70周年，中國(guó)的重視程度不亞于國(guó)慶紀(jì)念日。