中國已成為世界第二大肥胖國

It can tell from teenager overweight that Chinese national health index is challenged. Professor Li Keji of School of Public Health of Peking University， the team leader of exercise expert in the National Healthy Lifestyle Guiding Expert Sub-Committee of the State Health Planning Committee pointed out that at present more than 46 million adult Chinese are obese and about 300 million Chinese are overweight. Those whose BMI are greater than 28 has been more than 100 million， and the obesity rate has exceed 10%， of which urban adult obesity rate are up to 40%.

BMI， body mass index is the result by dividing the weight in kilogram by squared height in meters. It is a globally recognized classing method of evaluating the degree of obesity. WHO also use BMI to classify obesity and overweight. If an adult BMI value is lower than 18.5， she/he is underweight， between 18.5 and 24.99 normal weight， between 28 and 32 obesity and higher than 32 severe obesity.

青少年超重映射出的是整個(gè)中國全民健康指數(shù)出現(xiàn)問題。北京大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院教授、國家衛(wèi)計(jì)委“全民健康生活方式行動”指導(dǎo)專家委員會運(yùn)動專家組組長李可基教授表示，目前中國已經(jīng)有4600萬成人“肥胖”，3億人“超重”，“中國BMI大于28以上的肥胖人群現(xiàn)已突破1億，肥胖率已突破10%，其中城市成年人體重超重者已經(jīng)突破40%?！?/p>

BMI即身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)，是用體重公斤數(shù)除以身高米數(shù)平方得出的數(shù)字，它是目前世界公認(rèn)的一種評定肥胖程度的分級方法，世界衛(wèi)生組織（WHO）也是憑此定義肥胖或超重。成人的BMI數(shù)值如果低于18.5即為體重過輕，18.5-24.99為正常，25-28為超重，28-32屬于肥胖，而高于32則為重度肥胖。

Obesity： the world largest chronic disease

肥胖是全球最大慢性疾病

Li Keji said “obesity has become one of the top medical problems in the 21st century. Obesity can be taken as the original reason of chronic diseases.” Such common chronic diseases as cardiovascular disease， cerebrovascular diseases， diabetes， even bone and joint diseases and depression are closely related to obesity.

“肥胖已成為21世紀(jì)頭號醫(yī)學(xué)問題之一?？梢哉f，肥胖是慢性病的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住！崩羁苫硎?，很多常見慢性病，如心血管病、腦血管病、糖尿病、甚至骨關(guān)節(jié)疾病和抑郁癥也都和肥胖有密切關(guān)系。

Currently WHO has defined obesity world largest chronic disease， and list it together with hypertension， high cholesterol and high blood sugar as world four medial social problems. In November， 2014， the report released by the American consulting company McKinsey announced that about 2.1 billion people around the world are overweight or obese， nearly 1/3 of the total global population. Obese people began to spread from developed countries to comparatively poor regions.

Zhang Yongjian said “2.8 billion people’ death each year has some sort of relation with overweight， so WHO has classified obesity as ‘epidemic’ and since 2004 has suggested sugar intake by adult should decrease from 10 % to 5% of daily total caloric intake.”

目前世界衛(wèi)生組織已經(jīng)將肥胖定性為全球最大的慢性疾病，并將其與高血壓、高血脂、高血糖一道列為世界四大醫(yī)學(xué)社會問題。2014年11月，美國咨詢公司麥肯錫發(fā)布報(bào)告指出，世界約21億人屬超重或肥胖，占全球總?cè)丝诮?/3，并且肥胖人口正在從發(fā)達(dá)國家向相對貧窮的地區(qū)擴(kuò)散。

“每年有280萬人的死亡與超重有關(guān)，因此WHO已經(jīng)將肥胖列為‘流行病’，并從2014年開始建議成年人的糖分?jǐn)z取量由占每日總攝取熱量10%減半至5%?！睆堄澜ㄕf。

Obesity causes huge economic losses

肥胖造成巨額經(jīng)濟(jì)損失

Apart from the great risks brought to human body health， obesity is becoming a serious problem impacting on global economy. The McKinsey report stated that the annual economic losses caused by obesity have reached up to $ 2 trillion， accounting for 2.8% of global GDP， which is close to the economic losses brought by war and conflict. The report predicted that if obesity across different countries is not curbed， half of the adult by 2030 will be overweight， which will further add burden to all country’s healthcare budgets.

除了為人體健康帶來巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之外，肥胖也逐漸成為影響全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的沉重問題。麥肯錫報(bào)告指出：全球每年因肥胖問題所造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失已高達(dá)2萬億美元，相當(dāng)于全球GDP的2.8%，且這一數(shù)字已經(jīng)和戰(zhàn)爭所導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失相近。報(bào)告預(yù)計(jì)，如果各國不對肥胖加以控制，那么到2030年全球成年人中將有近一半超重，各國醫(yī)療保健預(yù)算的壓力還將進(jìn)一步加大。

According to the data of Financial Times of UK， 62% of British people are overweight or obese. The government spends as much as 6 billion pounds each year on medical treatment of obesity， and the medical expenses on diabetes directly related to obesity need additional 10 billion pounds.

In China， the economic cost brought by obesity has also soared. Barry Popkin， a world leading obesity and nutrition expert， director of the Interdisciplinary Obesity Research Center of North Carolina University released a research in 2012 and it showed that the indirect economic depletion due to obesity in China was amount to 3.58% of GDP then. He estimated that the rate would surpass 8.7% by 2025.

來自英國《金融時(shí)報(bào)》的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，英國目前有62%的人口都屬于超重和肥胖人群，英國政府每年花在肥胖方面的醫(yī)療開支達(dá)60億英鎊，而用于與肥胖直接相關(guān)的糖尿病上的醫(yī)療成本還需再加100億英鎊。

在中國，肥胖帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本也在直線上升。全球著名肥胖問題與營養(yǎng)專家、美國北卡羅來納大學(xué)跨學(xué)科肥胖癥研究中心主任巴里·波普金2012年發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，中國在2000年因肥胖帶來的間接經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)，已經(jīng)相當(dāng)于當(dāng)年國民生產(chǎn)總值的3.58%，他預(yù)計(jì)，到2025年這個(gè)數(shù)字將超過8.7%。