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教學研究初探

2012-04-29 00:00:00嚴雅瓊
新課程·下旬 2012年12期

一、教材分析

本課的教學內容是《牛津初中英語》八年級上冊Unit 5第7課時,這是一節綜合技能課。本課進一步討論自然保護區,引導學生更多地了解自然保護區和濕地、鳥類的情況,了解鳥類的特點和它們棲息地的環境狀況,使學生熱愛自然和鳥類并積極地投入到保護它們及其生存環境中。本課時內容由listening和speak up兩部分組成。Listening是關于扎龍自然保護區特別是濕地的進一步介紹。Speak up由觀鳥話題引入,教會學生如何在實際生活中邀請他人參加活動、如何應邀等。通過課時學習,鍛煉學生全面聽、說、讀、寫的綜合運用語言能力,并產生對大自然和鳥類深沉的愛,感受到人與自然和諧共存的美妙。

二、學情分析

就整體而言,八年級學生已經具備一定的語言知識的積累,通過前期reading部分的學習,對聽力材料中的背景知識有了一定的了解。但是,這節課有一些生詞,另外聽力部分涉及一些數字,對在聽力中準確提取信息造成了一定的難度。

(1)通過導入圖片,自然引出聽力中的生詞,進行簡單的詞匯學習,為聽力部分掃除障礙。(2)復習數字的讀法,通過同學間的操練,熟悉并掌握如何發音,在聽力中也能夠順利獲得關鍵信息。

三、教學目標預設

1.語言知識目標

(1)四會內容

詞匯:prevent, snowstorm, flood

詞組:an area of...,different kinds of birds, an interesting bird show

句型:The reserve has an area of more than 210,000 hectares.

Would you like to go birdwatching with us at Beijing Wildlife Park?

(2)其他內容

詞匯:hectare, worm, including

詞組:World Wetlands Day

句型:

Zhalong is the home of a lot of plants and animals, including different kinds of birds.

2.語言技能目標

(1)聽錄音,獲取具體信息,并根據信息完成報告。

(2)學習邀請別人參加某項活動的表達方式并學習如何對別人的邀請做出適當的反應。

3.情感目標

(1)使學生更多地了解自然保護區和濕地、鳥類的情況,感受到人與自然的和諧共存。

(2)通過邀請他人參加活動,培養與他人溝通的能力。

四、教材重點、難點

學會如何獲取聽力具體信息和邀請他人參加活動及其應答。

五、教學策略

以最初的生詞和數字發音的練習為鋪墊,掃除聽力中的障礙,使學生通過聽力獲得信息。教學思路:(1)Warming-up(引出話題——觀鳥,導入聽力中的生詞)(2)Speak up(通過觀鳥話題,引出邀請的對話) (3) listening (通過聽力,獲得信息) (4)Discussion (拓展課外知識,升華情感)(5) Homework(總結并訓練寫作的技能)

六、學習策略

1. 課前認真預習,利用網絡收集更多關于扎龍自然保護區的背景知識,并復習reading中的內容。

2. 上課勤思考、多動腦,掌握所學詞匯,熱情、積極、主動參與課堂上的各種活動。

七、教學過程

Step One: Warming-up

1.Listen to the sounds of four kinds of birds and guess what kind of bird it is.

2. Try to teach the new words with the pictures of birds.

T: Last Saturday, I enjoyed your nice song and you did a good job in the singing competition.

Singing can make us happy and relaxed. Listen! Who is singing now?

S: Birds.

T:Right. We like singing,including birds. I have four birds(sparrow, swan, swallow, crane)here,and you try to guess their names according to their sounds.

Students try to guess their names and then the teacher asks them to describe them.

(Food—Worm, fly to southern countries—snowstorm, the wet lands—food and shelter/ prevent flood )

【設計意圖】通過學生合唱節活動自然導入到唱歌,然后通過聽各種不同類型的鳥鳴聲,引發學生的好奇心,營造輕松自由的學習氛圍,吸引學生主動參與,積極思索。當猜對鳥類的名稱后,再根據屏幕上的相關圖片讓學生復習本單元第一課時各類鳥類的基本特征。在描述鳥類的同時,自然地引出聽力中出現的生詞,并對一些生詞通過圖片或英文解釋讓學生理解它們的意思,同時把這些詞匯寫在黑板上,帶領學生朗讀這些詞匯,為后面的聽力做好鋪墊。

Step Two : Speak up

1.Listen to the audio and answer three questions about going birdwatching.

2.Read after the audio together and read again.(boys act as Daniel and girls act as Sandy)

3. Find out the expressions about inviting people.

4.Provide a material about nature reserves in China and ask students to make up a dialogue according to it.

T: If you want to know more about birds, let’s go birdwatching. Our friend Daniel and Sandy are talking about going birdwatching.

And then ask students to answer questions and read in pairs.

T: When you invite others, you can find some useful expressions here, try to find them out.

S: Would you like to go birdwatching with us at Beijing Wildlife Park?When is the Birdwatching?What time does it start? I’d like to go, but...

T: Sandy and Daniel plan to visit Beijing Wildlife Park. I’d like to show you around famous nature reserves in China.

Then show the students a map of nature reserves in China. (Kekexili, Wolong, Tianmushan, Dafeng)and the pictures of their typical animals. Ask students to fill in the table first and then make up a dialogue using the sentences learned to invite others and answer the invitation.

Nature Reserves in China

【設計意圖】口語練習這部分首先讓學生自己歸納總結句型,然后通過創設真實的語言情景——自由選擇感興趣的自然保護區并邀請他人同行,引導學生在真實的語言情境中感知并運用句型,學習和運用這些新內容,以逐步豐富學生的語言知識,提高學生的綜合語言運用能力。

Step Three: Pre-listening

1. Have a competition to check how much the students know about Zhalong

2. Before listening, ask students to read the materials first and guess the answer.

T: You have just traveled many nature reserves. But if I want to see red-crowned cranes, where should I go?(Zhalong)How much do you know about Zhalong?

Have a competition about the information they learnt in Reading and at last check which group is the winner. The teacher asks students six questions. And students try to answer the questions as quickly as possible.

(1)Where is Zhalong Nature Reserve?

(2)What is Zhalong Nature Reserve?

(3)What can you see in Zhalong Nature Reserve?

(4)What kind of rare bird lives there?

(5)What can Zhalong Nature Reserve provide for wildlife?

(6)Is it a good place for wildlife? Why?

T: Before listening, let’s read the materials first and guess the answer.

At the same time ask some students to practice reading the number.

【設計意圖】 聽力前安排了兩個準備活動。一是通過大組競答Reading問題來復習扎龍自然保護區的背景知識。競答的形式活躍了課堂氣氛,集中了學生學習的注意力;二是通過朗讀數字掃除聽力障礙,并通過閱讀聽力問題來預測答案降低聽力的難度。兩個準備活動將下面的聽力做了很好的鋪墊。

Step Four: While-listening

1.Listen to the audio and check the answers. Ask students to tell the answers one by one. If one has some problems, play the audio again and let him check the answer.(在講解中再次滲透生詞hectare, worms)

2.Listen to the audio again and help fill in the exercises of A3. Ask students to read the passage, and then check their answers.(在講解中再次滲透生詞wetlands, prevent flood and snowstorm)

3.Play the audio and again, and ask the whole class to read after the audio.

【設計意圖】在Warming-up部分導入的生詞在這里呈現,學生容易掌握,聽力前關于背景知識的鋪墊也降低了聽力的難度。為了解決具體信息的遺漏,在A1每個問題旁剪切了一些聽力材料,針對每個小題都配有相關的聽力材料,可以讓學生反復去聽,直到把握。此處細節的處理讓學生能夠更好地把握具體材料。通過兩次的聽力訓練和一次的跟讀,學生就能很好地掌握文章大意,并獲得細節信息。

Step Five:Post-listening

1. See two videos about wild birds and people.

2. Discuss in groups and try to give suggestions about how to get on with the wild birds.

T: After listening, we know that we should protect the home of plants, fish and birds in Zhalong. I’d like to show you some other stories about people and wild birds. Let’s see two videos.(One is about a little boy who helps a trapped goose. The other is about an old lady who feeds wild cranes .)

T: Discuss in groups. Four students in one group and discuss how to get on with wild birds. And then I’d like some of you to share your ideas.

S: I hope to live with wild animals together like the scene in Snow white. When we open the window in the morning, we hear birds singing and see the deer and the rabbits jumping around us. We will greet each other and help each other. How nice it is!

T: I hope your dream will come true in the future. And we and animals share the same home and live happily without destroying nature around us.

【設計意圖】通過兩段人與鳥類和諧共處的視頻讓學生充分感受到天人合一的美,心靈得到震撼和洗滌,引發學生重新思考現實生活中的種種問題。同時,這一活動充分體現了新課程自主探究、合作交流的學習方式,在合作中收獲知識。

Step Six: Conclusion and Homework

1. Introduce birdwatching clubs in China and the tips to watch birds.

2. Look for more information about birdwatching and wrirt a report about birdwatching in China.

T: I’d like to introduce birdwatching clubs in China(show some pictures about them and introduce in general). If you want to be a good birdwatcher, you should pay attention to the tips on the screen.

T:Search more information about birdwatching at http://www.cbw.org.cn/article.php?articleid=336

And write a report about birdwatching in China.

【設計意圖】進一步總結,拓展觀鳥知識,是對文章主題進一步升華。作業的設計主要是培養學生自主探究的學習習慣,通過相關網站對觀鳥做更深入的研究,啟發思維,鍛煉能力,并通過書面的形式展示自己的研究成果。

八、板書設計

九、教學反思

1.在這節課中,學生興趣濃厚,學得積極主動,反思整個教學過程,我認為成功的地方是:教師巧設活動,環環相扣,循序漸進,讓學生在自主學習的過程中激發了靈感,暢所欲言,學生各方面的能力都得到了訓練,具體體現在:

(1)創設情境,營造自由和諧的學習氣氛。在課堂一開始通過聽鳥鳴聲,吸引了學生的注意力,并通過描述鳥類自然呈現課文中的單詞,如prevent, snowstorm, flood等,學生能在情境中體驗并學習主要詞匯,避免了直接教授詞匯的枯燥。在操練邀請他人的句型時,通過引入中國著名的四個自然保護區,讓學生身臨其境,有感而發,避免了單調乏味的簡單重復句型。

(2)小組競爭合作,激起了學生的創新能力。本節課有兩兩合作對話活動、有大組競爭搶答問題環節、有四人小組討論分享心得部分,激發了學生參與課堂活動的熱情,并在合作競爭中促進了語言的習得和情感的升華。

(3)教學設計由易到難,科學合理。教學環環相扣,過渡自然,比較注重學生的認知心理,學生聽、說、讀、寫的能力都得到了訓練。

2.這節課存在的問題是教學節奏稍顯先緊后松,授課老師引導過渡語言稍多,應留更多的時間讓學生去參與。

(作者單位 江蘇省南京樹人國際學校)

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