路宜明+楊濟民
摘 要: 基于傳統(tǒng)的超聲相控陣測距系統(tǒng)設(shè)計了一種新型測距系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用Cypress公司所生產(chǎn)的嵌入式芯片PSoC5為主控制器,其豐富的內(nèi)部功能模塊完全能夠滿足系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計需求。與傳統(tǒng)的超聲相控陣測距系統(tǒng)相比,該系統(tǒng)節(jié)約PCB硬件資源,提高設(shè)計效率,降低功耗。實驗研究表明,該測距系統(tǒng)具有指向性強,精確度高的特點。
關(guān)鍵詞: PSoC; 超聲相控陣; 測距系統(tǒng); 主控制器
中圖分類號: TN911?34 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1004?373X(2014)22?0128?03
Research of ultrasonic phased array high?accuracy ranging system based on PSoC
LU Yi?ming, YANG Ji?min
(College of Physics and Electronic Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China)
Abstract: A new type of ranging system was designed based on the traditional ultrasonic phased array ranging system. The embedded chip PSoC5 which is produced by Cypress Company is used as the primary controller. Its internal function modules can completely meet the design requirements of the system. Compared with the traditional ultrasonic phased array ranging system, this system can save more PCB hardware resources, improve the design efficiency and reduce power consumption more obviously. The experimental results show that the ranging system has the characteristics of strong directivity and high accuracy.
Keywords: PSoC; ultrasonic phased array; ranging system; master controller
超聲相控陣測距具有能量集中,指向性強的特點,不易受外界電磁波、煙霧等環(huán)境因素的干擾[1?2],而且原理簡單、易操作、成本低,因此在現(xiàn)代生活中超聲波的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。PSoC是美國著名半導(dǎo)體廠商Cypress公司推出的可編程化系統(tǒng)單芯片[3],其集成了微控制器以及嵌入式系統(tǒng)中通常圍繞微控制器周圍的模擬及數(shù)字子系統(tǒng)。一個PSoC芯片上采用一個微控制器,集成了100多種外設(shè)功能,具有提高設(shè)計效率、節(jié)省PCB硬件資源、降低材料成本、降低功耗等優(yōu)點。本文設(shè)計了以PSoC5為核心的超聲相控陣高精度測距系統(tǒng),介紹了具體功能模塊的設(shè)計實現(xiàn)。
1 超聲相控陣的介紹
超聲相控陣是由多個相互獨立的超聲換能器組成的陣列,每個換能器都能向前方發(fā)射超聲波,當超聲波遇到障礙物時便被反射回來,由接收換能器接收并轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號[4?6]。由于每個換能器距離障礙物的距離不同,如果換能器同時發(fā)射超聲波時,超聲波到達障礙物的時間不同,相位不同,能量有可能會減弱。……