新絲綢之路起點(diǎn)之爭(zhēng)

□ 文/何茂春（清華大學(xué)社科學(xué)院國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)系教授、經(jīng)濟(jì)外交研究中心主任）

新絲綢之路起點(diǎn)之爭(zhēng)

□ 文/何茂春（清華大學(xué)社科學(xué)院國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)系教授、經(jīng)濟(jì)外交研究中心主任）

鳳凰城市：自去年9月份習(xí)主席首次提出絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶戰(zhàn)略以來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)很多城市掀起了絲路起點(diǎn)之爭(zhēng)，你如何看待這些城市之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)？

何茂春：我認(rèn)為新絲綢之路從哪兒起點(diǎn)都不為過(guò)分。對(duì)于海上絲綢之路，泉州、廣州、福州等，所有的沿海城市都可以作為海上絲綢之路的起點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)在推動(dòng)陸海一體化，陸地也可以做海上絲綢之路的起點(diǎn)，所以這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，所有地方都有爭(zhēng)的理由。

對(duì)于陸上的絲綢之路，以西安為起點(diǎn)、洛陽(yáng)為起點(diǎn)、重慶為起點(diǎn)、連云港為起點(diǎn)，都沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。因?yàn)榻裉焓蔷W(wǎng)絡(luò)化、交通信息化、電子商務(wù)化的時(shí)代，海陸一體，任何地方都可以成為起點(diǎn)。

起點(diǎn)之爭(zhēng)，并不是一件壞事，主要看你自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)在哪里。歷史上的古絲綢之路，洛陽(yáng)、西安都是起點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在的新絲綢之路，比如說(shuō)重慶，對(duì)于開(kāi)發(fā)大西部，它可以作為一個(gè)起點(diǎn)；借助長(zhǎng)江，重慶也可以是海上絲綢之路的起點(diǎn)；重慶通過(guò)成都到西安，從西安到東亞，也可以是歐亞大陸的起點(diǎn)。所以任何一個(gè)城市都可以作為一個(gè)起點(diǎn)，任何一個(gè)港口，任何一個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)基地，任何一個(gè)商品物流基地，也都可能作為起點(diǎn)。那么與其在宣傳上下工夫，還不如把產(chǎn)業(yè)，還有文化這方面都做好。

鳳凰城市：你認(rèn)為新絲路戰(zhàn)略會(huì)給中國(guó)帶來(lái)怎樣的改變？

何茂春：絲路戰(zhàn)略的意義是可以跟入世相提并論的。入世是一個(gè)觀念的更新，是一種體制改革，是一種法制的全面的調(diào)整，那這次新絲綢之路計(jì)劃，包括中國(guó)擴(kuò)大跟海上的這些沿岸國(guó)家的自由貿(mào)易以及擴(kuò)大跟東盟的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，甚至跟日韓的自由貿(mào)易，跟東亞的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，還有跟歐洲的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，都需要中國(guó)以更加市場(chǎng)化的法制和相對(duì)自由的態(tài)度去嚴(yán)肅看待這個(gè)事情。

絲綢之路不是一哄而上的什么運(yùn)動(dòng)，也不是只對(duì)中國(guó)有什么好處，它對(duì)全世界、對(duì)各個(gè)國(guó)家都是有好處的。絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶戰(zhàn)略將促進(jìn)這條經(jīng)濟(jì)帶上的國(guó)家和地區(qū)相互進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)大自由化、擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)化、擴(kuò)大法制化。絲路不是在建一個(gè)什么路，而是一個(gè)整個(gè)市場(chǎng)的對(duì)接，涉及到關(guān)稅門(mén)檻的降低，限制和管制的減少，它意味著在法制和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度層面的一些改革。。

● 來(lái)源：鳳凰城市，本刊編輯

Contention of the Start of New Silk Road

Ifeng city:since President Xi proposed the strategy of Silk Road economic belt last September, many cities contend for the origin of Silk Road. How do you view such a competition among cities?

He Maochun:I believe the new Silk Road can start from anywhere. To the maritime Silk Road, all coastal cities can be the starting point. Now as we are pushing forward land and sea integration, the land can serve as the start of maritime Silk Road too. So this competition is fi ne, as every place has a reason to contend.

To the land Silk Road, it may start from Xi’an, Luoyang, Chongqing, or Lianyungang. As today is an era of internet, connected transportation and E-commerce, the land and the sea are unseparated, so any place can be the starting point.

It is not a bad thing to contend to be the starting point, but a city shall only excel through its advantages. Both Luoyang and Xi’an were starting points of the Silk Road in history, and now Chongqing can be a starting point to the new Silk Road to develop the vast West. Located on the Yangtze River, Chongqing can also be the starting point of maritime Silk Road, or it can be the starting point of Eurasian Continent via Chengdu, Xi’and East Asia. So any city can be a starting point, so is any port, any industrial base and any commodity logistics base. A city shall enrich its industry and culture instead of sheer hyping.

Ifeng city:what changes will be brought to China with the new Silk Road strategy?

He Maochun:the signifi cance of the Silk Road strategy is comparable to China’s ascension into the WTO, which is an update of mindset, an institutional reform and a comprehensive adjustment of the legal system. The new Silk Road plan, including expansion of free trade with countries along it and Free Trade Zones in ASEAN, Japan, South Korea, East Asia and Europe all requires China to approach this matter seriously with more marketized legal system and a liberal attitude.

Silk Road is not a parade. It is not only benefi cial to China, but also to other countries and the world. The strategy of Silk Road economic belt will promote countries and regions along the belt to expand liberalization, marketization and legislation. The point is not to build some type of road, but to connect different markets, simplify customs requirements, reduce limitations and regulations, and some reforms in the legal and economic mechanisms..

● Source: editor of Ifeng city