灌陽縣中小學生營養狀況及視力調查分析

【摘 要】 目的 對灌陽縣中小學生的營養狀況及視力進行調查分析和掌握。方法 運用分層整群隨機抽樣法抽取灌陽縣中學和小學在校4336名學生作為臨床研究對象，嚴格依據《全國學生常見病綜合防治方案技術規范》要求，主要對營養狀況和視力低下情況進行檢查。結果 中學生的營養不良患病率為23.35%，小學生為9.41%，中學生超重率為3.62%，小學生為7.15%，中學生的肥胖率為3.80%，小學生為6.15%，中學生視力低下率為41.86%，小學生為18.81%，中學生的營養狀況不良率和視力低下率明顯高于小學生（P<0.01），小學生的超重和肥胖率卻明顯高于中學生（P<0.01）。結論 要注重加強灌陽縣中小學校醫隊伍的建設，加強中小學生健康教育，進而能夠降低學校兒童青少年常見病發病率。

【關鍵詞】 學生；常見??；營養狀況；視力低下

【中圖分類號】 R153.2 【文獻標識碼】 B

Investigation and Analysis of Nutritional Status of Primary and Middle School Students in Guanyang County and Visual Acuity

Wang Wei

（Guanyang County Center for Disease Prevention and Control，541600）

【Abstract】 Objective The nutritional status and the vision of primary and middle school students in Guanyang county were investigated and master.Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling to Guanyang county middle school and Primary School of 4336 students as a clinical study， strict according to \"technical specifications\"national students comprehensive prevention and treatment of common diseasesprogramme requirements， mainly to check on nutritional status and poor eyesight status.Results students malnutrition prevalence rate was 23.35%，primary 9.41%，middle school students overweight rate was 3.62%，7.15% of studentsstudents，the obesity rate was 3.80%，primary 6.15%，students' poor eyesightrate was 41.86%，primary 18.81%，poor nutrition and poor eyesight rate of middle school students was significantly higher than that in primary school （plt；0.01）primary school students， the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity are significantly higher than middle school students（plt；0.01）.Conclusion we should pay attention to strengthening the construction of primary and middle schools in Guanyang County medical team，to strengthen health education in primary and middle school students，and to reduce the incidence of common diseases of school children and adolescents.

【Keywords】 students；common diseases；nutritional status；low vision

為有效掌握了解灌陽縣中小學生常見病發病情況，對其常見病發病情況進行調查分析，為制定科學、合理的防治措施提供重要依據。2012年，對灌陽縣中小學生的營養狀況及視力進行調查，結果分析如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料 采用分層整群隨機抽樣法，抽取灌陽縣2所中學和2所小學的4336名中小學生作為主要研究對象，2所中學為2210名學生，其中，男1142名，女1068名；2所小學為2126名學生，其中，男1034名，女1092名。排除患有嚴重疾病的學生。

1.2 方法 嚴格按照《中國衛生監督學校監督統計報表技術規范》中制定的學生常見病調查方式和判定標準開展調查、分析工作。確保統一培訓調查人員，運用統一的調查標準，嚴格實行定人定崗，責任落實到個人。……