孰能無過

Hostess： Instead of frowning on mistakes，teachers are now increasingly encouraging students to learn through trial and error，to dare to make mistakes and learn from them.

A good example is found in the way computer games are constructed.In order to keep players engaged，failures mean getting a chance to try something else，so players keep trying if they get it wrong the first time.

女主持人：現(xiàn)在老師會越來越傾向于鼓勵學(xué)生們通過嘗試和錯誤去學(xué)習(xí)，敢于出錯并從中學(xué)習(xí)，而不是一味對錯誤感到反感。

電腦游戲的構(gòu)建模式就是一個很好的例子。為了讓玩家一直玩下去，失敗只是意味著用其他方法進(jìn)行嘗試，因此玩家即使開始時出錯了，也還是會繼續(xù)嘗試。

Host： Steve Harris is not just an avid gamer，he’s alsoan educational consultant.While playing Super Mario，he had a “1）eureka” moment that the theories behind video games could be used in classrooms.

Steve Harris： I think part of it，as well，is the…the moment when you’ve tried，and you’ve tried，and you’ve tried again，and you finally crack it.It’s that feeling，and you literally see people do it when they go，“YES！” That’s why you play.That’s why you keep trying.

Host： Steve Harris trains teachers and gives them some tools to deal with mistakes in class through video games.The tip to reverse mistakes on opportunities to learn is motivation.

Steve： Why is it that children don’t mind failing at computer games，and yet they do feel threatened when they fail at school？ And，actually，computer games handle the way that they motivate children completely differently.Computer games make failure a very low risk，low，it’s a non-threatening event，when you fail in a computer game.

Host： The difference between failure in the real world versus the virtual world is something teachers see in classrooms all the time.Kids often don’t take risks because failure is public and often very embarrassing.Another way that video games motivate children is by offering them the choice of levels between low，medium and high，another theory which can make its way into the classroom.

男主持人：史蒂夫·哈里斯不僅僅是電玩熱衷者，還是一位教育顧問。他在玩《超級馬里奧》時，突然靈機(jī)一動，想到電子游戲背后的理論可以應(yīng)用在課堂中。

史蒂夫·哈里斯：我認(rèn)為人們不斷嘗試的部分原因在于，一遍又一遍地嘗試后，會突然迎來成功的那一刻。就是那種感覺，當(dāng)人們喊“耶”時，你確實能感受到那種喜悅。這就是你玩游戲的原因，不斷嘗試的原因。

男主持人：史蒂夫·哈里斯對教師進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)，教他們?nèi)绾伟褟碾娮佑螒蛑袑W(xué)到的方法用于處理學(xué)生在課堂上犯的錯誤。讓錯誤成為學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會的關(guān)鍵就在于激勵。

史蒂夫：為什么孩子們在游戲中輸了也不在意，而在課業(yè)上犯錯卻使他們擔(dān)心害怕？實際上，電腦游戲鼓勵孩子們的方式是完全不同的。在電腦游戲中失敗了也不需承擔(dān)什么風(fēng)險，輸?shù)粲螒驔]什么可怕的。

男主持人：失敗在現(xiàn)實世界中和虛擬世界中的區(qū)別老師們都能在教室中看到。課堂上的失敗會人盡皆知，讓人難堪，因此孩子們都不想冒這個險。

電子游戲激勵孩子們的另一種方式是讓他們自己選擇低、中、高的難度等級，這個理論同樣能應(yīng)用于課堂中?！?br>