摘要:為尋求促進沙地植被恢復的新途徑,提高防沙治沙造林效果,在庫布齊沙漠沙柳(Salix psammophila C. Wang et. C. Y. Yang)造林前,使用平臥式和立式浸泡沙柳插穗7 d。結果表明,兩種浸泡方式均能不同程度地提高沙柳成活率,平臥式和立式分別提高11個百分點和22個百分點;兩種浸泡方式下沙柳成活率差異不顯著(P=0.085 3),但枝條長度、枝條直徑差異極顯著(P<0.01),株高和冠幅差異顯著(P<0.05);立式浸泡沙柳長勢最好,其次為平臥式,對照長勢最差。在庫布齊沙漠風沙區造林時最好選擇立式浸泡沙柳插穗以提高造林成效。
關鍵詞:沙柳(Salix psammophila C.Wang et. C. Y. Yang)造林;平臥式浸泡;立式浸泡;庫布齊沙漠;成活率
中圖分類號:S725.7;S792.12 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2013)17-4132-03
Effects of Immersion Ways on Survival Rate and Growth of Salix Psammophila Seedlings under the New Technology of Low Pressure Hydrodynamic Shock
WANG Wen-biao1,WANG Zhong-tao1,XIAO Fang2,ZHANG Ji-shu1,XU Li2
(1.Elion Resources Group, Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China;
2.College of Ecological Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019,China)
Abstract: In order to seeking new ways to promote afforestation and increase the effects of sand preventing and controlling, the experiment used horizontal and vertical ways to soak the Salix psammophila for 7 days before the afforestation. The results showed that two immersion ways could increase the survival rate in different degrees, which of the horizontal and vertical immersion ways increased by 11 and 22 percent point respectively. There was no significant difference between survival rates of the two immersion ways, however there was very significant difference in branch length and branch diameter, significant difference in plant height and crown. Hydrodynamic shock grew best in vertical immersion followed by horizontal immersion and grew worst in the control group. Therefore, vertical immersion is a better choice to improve afforestation effect in Kubuqi desert.
Key words: Salix Psammophila afforestation; horizontal immersion; vertical immersion; Kubuqi desert; survival rate
收稿日期:2013-05-06
基金項目:國家公益性行業(林業)科研專項(201204205)
作者簡介:王文彪(1959-),男,陜西府谷人,高級經濟工程師,碩士,主要從事沙產業開發研究,(電話)15326967778(電子信箱)
yhl421016@yahoo.com.cn;通訊作者,肖 芳,女,內蒙古錫林郭勒盟人,研究方向為荒漠化防治,(電話)15849161969(電子信箱)
xiaofang1230521@126.com。
在我國北方干旱風沙地區,限制植被生長和恢復的主要因素是風大沙移且水分匱乏[1]。因此,提高荒漠植物水分利用效率,使其適應降雨少和土壤水分低的狀況成為了荒漠地區植被恢復的關鍵[2]。在干旱風沙地區為了提高造林成活率,不斷推廣應用各項抗旱造林技術,如造林整地技術、保水劑、節水造林技術和集水造林技術等[3,4]。
沙柳(Salix psammophila C. Wang et. C. Y. Yang)又名北沙柳、西北沙柳,屬楊柳科柳屬,廣泛分布于鄂爾多斯市、東阿拉善盟、陜西省北部及寧夏省東部[5],由于其具有較耐旱、抗風蝕、耐沙埋、生長迅速等特點,因此成為了荒漠區優良的固沙樹種之一[6]。……