在讀故事中“完形” 在講故事中“填空”

盧偉棟

縱觀近幾年浙江省高考英語卷的完形填空題，選文均是平淡之中蘊含做人道理的小故事。因此，做完形填空題實際上是一個幫助作者把故事講述完整的過程。下面以2012年高考英語浙江卷的完形填空題為例，來談談怎樣替作者講述故事，做好完形填空題。

【2012年高考英語浙江卷】 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第21～40 各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和D）中，選出最佳選項。

“Just sign here， sir，” the deliveryman said as he handed Oscar Reyna a package.

The package consisted of a long， narrow box 21 wrapped in brown paper. 22 the box， Oscar saw an umbrella inside—a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle.

23 he had not seen it in more than 20 years， he recognized it 24 .

Oscar was 16 when he first saw the 25 umbrella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving， he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. Impressed by its 26 ， Oscar felt a strong desire to find its 27 .

Oscar 28 the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought， a name matched the seat 29 Oscar had found the umbrella. The name was Mrs Katie OBrien.

Oscar talked his grandparents into going by Mrs OBriens 30 on their way home. He rang the bell， the door opened and an elderly woman appeared. “May I 31 you？” she asked.

“Id like to return it if its yours，” Oscar said， 32 the umbrella as if presenting a

33 that had long been wished for.

“Why， yes！ Its mine，” replied Mrs OBrien with a 34 smile and shining eyes. “It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your 35 ？”

“No， maam，” he said. “My grandmother says that a good deed is its own reward.”

“Well， thats 36 what my father used to say. What is your name， young man？”

Years later， Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remembered Mrs OBrien. It was in perfect condition， considering how 37 it was. Why had it arrived here today？

As if 38 ， a note fell from the paper. It read： Mrs OBrien wanted you to 39 this umbrella as a present for a kind， 40 gesture long ago.

21. A. strictly B. carefully C. roughly D. casually

22. A. Opening B. Seizing C. Observing D. Searching

23. A. After B. When C. Since D. Although

24. A. clearly B. fully C. immediately D. suddenly

25. A. average B. unusual C. plain D. typical

26. A. beauty B. shape C. origin D. history

27. A. designer B. seller C. user D. owner

28. A. convinced B. forced C. encouraged D. advised

29. A. until B. before C. which D. where

30. A. family B. theater C. house D. neighborhood

31. A. invite B. help C. bother D. know

32. A. putting up B. turning out C. picking up D. holding out

33. A. chance B. fact C. gift D. result

34. A. wide B. confident C. proud D. shy

35. A. patience B. kindness C. courage D. determination

36. A. obviously B. naturally C. exactly D. probably

37. A. old B. rare C. precious D. nice

38. A. in contrast B. in return C. in exchange D. in answer

39. A. possess B. accept C. carry D. value

40. A. attractive B. significant C. unselfish D. sympathetic

首先，在讀故事中“完形”。

要講好故事，必須先讀懂故事。所以在填空之前，應先“完形”，即克服挖空的干擾，通讀全文，理清故事的情節與情感線索，領悟故事的主旨或作者的意圖。

很多同學會在沒有通讀全文、還不知道情節發展的情況下就開始填空。這樣做小則曲解單個句子的句意，大則對整個段落的理解有偏差，導致填到后面的空格時又回過頭來改前面的答案。雖然被挖去20個詞或短語，但考查的畢竟是一篇情節簡單、語句和語意較為連貫的小短文，這種局部的殘缺僅僅是干擾但不會影響我們對故事整體的理解。磨刀不誤砍柴工，選詞填空前的通讀步驟切不可省略。

通讀浙江卷這篇短文，我們不難整理出這個故事的情節和情感線索。

（1） 情節線：

Oscar收到郵包——看到雨傘——回憶撿到雨傘和送還雨傘——回到現實，傘是禮物。

（2） 情感線有兩條：

Oscar：驚訝（收到郵包）——觸動（撿到的雨傘十分精致）——急切（歸還雨傘）——平和（面對感激）——困惑（多年后收到雨傘）。

Mrs OBrien：困惑（Oscar造訪）——喜出望外（雨傘失而復得）——珍惜（雨傘）——感激（Oscar送還雨傘）——被深深打動（Oscar對回報的回答）。……