懸崖上的五漁村

文／飛揚 圖／李丹

陡峭的崖壁和晶瑩的海水，襯托出五漁村的寧靜與美好。Steep cliffs and crystalline seawater set off the tranquility and beauty of the Cinque Terre.

五漁村是里奧馬焦雷、馬納羅拉、科爾尼利亞、韋爾納扎、蒙特羅索5個懸崖邊上的漁村的統(tǒng)稱。一千多年前，當?shù)厝藢⒗爬飦喓＿叾盖偷纳狡赂脑斐蛇m合耕種的田地，并在此壘起石墻而居，這就是五漁村。

5個漁村從南至北排列在利古里亞海岸，過去只能從海路或山路才能到達，所以自中世紀以來，這里幾乎一直與世隔絕。恰恰因此，漁村的淳樸民風和自然風光得以完好保存。五漁村憑借獨特的風景，1997年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄，1999年被評為國家公園，受到無數(shù)游客的青睞。

漁村之間景點串聯(lián)，擁有一整套立體而便捷的交通體系，游客可以選擇乘坐火車或輪渡游覽，亦可徒步旅行。把5個村莊串起來的徒步線路，沿著海岸而建，約15至20公里，一邊是深邃的地中海，另一邊則是怪石林立的山脈。數(shù)小時的徒步旅行，或許更能讓人細細體會和感受意大利鄉(xiāng)村之美。

5個漁村相互獨立且各具特色。地處最南端的里奧馬焦雷，是其中最大也是唯一有碼頭的漁村。碼頭兩側(cè)的山巖上建滿了色彩斑斕的房屋，被譽為“上帝打翻的調(diào)色板”。馬納羅拉因為三面臨海，一面靠山，深受攝影家喜愛，因此也是知名度最高、出鏡率最多的漁村?？茽柲崂麃喓０巫罡?，擁有漫山遍野的葡萄園，五顏六色的房屋與青山植被產(chǎn)生鮮明對比，增添了諸多情趣。韋爾納扎坐落于一個岬角上，城堡、教堂依傍著蔚藍海岸，村子里的石板路和建筑群保留著中世紀的風格。蒙特羅索位于五漁村最西北邊，不僅擁有海灘，還具備齊全的旅游設(shè)施。海灘邊林立著許多餐廳和商店，商業(yè)氣息濃郁。

情侶們寫下的山盟海誓，成為五漁村一道美麗的風景。The vows written by lovers become gorgeous scenery of the Cinque Terre.

五漁村位于山海的交匯之處。一棟棟彩色的房子，構(gòu)成一個美麗的童話世界。The Cinque Terre is located at the junction of mountains and the sea.These colored houses constitute a splendid fairytale world.

五漁村葡萄種植歷史悠久，這里的葡萄園大都呈梯田狀，位于陡峭的斜坡上。The Cinque Terre has a long history of grape planting,where most vineyards are terrace-shaped,and located on steep slopes.

油炸海鮮是五漁村當?shù)氐奶厣〕?。Fried seafood is a special snack of the Cinque Terre.

彩色房屋無疑是五漁村最耀眼的存在，這源于一個動人的愛情故事。自古以來，五漁村村民以打魚為生。丈夫外出打魚，妻子則料理家務(wù)，夫妻不得不陸海相望，飽受相思之苦。有一天，一位漁民之妻靈機一動，找來顏色鮮艷的涂料，將屋子涂成五顏六色，這樣不僅寄托了相思之情，還能讓出海歸來的丈夫一眼看到自己的家。村民們爭相模仿，久而久之，漸成習(xí)俗。紅、黃、藍、綠、粉……如今，這些色彩斑斕的房子已是當?shù)刈盍聋惖娘L景，宛若一幅色彩濃艷的歐式油畫。

生長在懸崖邊的野生植物，讓人敬佩其生命力的頑強。Wild plants growing on cliffs are admirable for their tenacious vitality.

The Cinque Terre is the collective name of five cliff-side fishing villages,Riomaggiore,Manarola,Corniglia,Vernazza and Monterosso in the coastal area of La Spezia,Liguria,Italy.

The five villages,which are distributed on the Ligurian Riviera from south to north,were accessible only by sea or mountain roads in the past.Since the Middle Ages,they had been almost isolated from the world.Thus,the simple folkways and natural scenery of these villages are well-preserved.Relying on unique scenery,the Cinque Terre was inscribed on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1997,rated as a national park in 1999,and enjoyed popularity among countless tourists.

The scenic spots of these villages are connected,and have a three-dimensional and convenient transportation system.Visitors can choose to travel by train or ferry,or go hiking.The hiking route linking the five villages was built along the coastline,with a length of 15 to 20 kilometers.On one side,there is the deep Mediterranean;on the other,there are a great number of jagged rocks.Perhaps,through several hours of hiking,the rural beauty of Italy could be further experienced and felt.

Colored houses are undoubtedly the most spectacular in the Cinque Terre.Since ancient times,the villagers there have lived on fishing.The husbands went out for fishing while the wives kept the house.They had to look at each other across the sea,and suffer from lovesickness.One day,a fisherman’s wife had a brainwave,and painted their house in various colors,which not only expressed her yearning,but also enabled her husband returning from the sea to see their home at a glance.Villagers followed her example.As time passed,it gradually became a custom.Now,these colorful houses have become the most gorgeous scenery there.