院士風采

朱物華1902.01.03～1998.03.11

無線電子學家、水聲工程專家。江蘇揚州人。1923年畢業于上海交通大學。1924年獲美國麻省理工學院碩士學位，1926年獲美國哈佛大學博士學位。上海交通大學教授、顧問。從事教育、培養人才工作達68年，講授過無線電原理、電視、信息論等21門課程。十分重視基礎理論和實驗研究，對新技術也十分關注。編寫了電信網絡、無線電原理、電視學、電力傳輸、電力系統自動化、電氣自動化、電力系統中的頻率自動調整、信息論、水聲工程原理和聲全息技術等教材。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Electronics expert and hydraulic sound engineering specialist.Born in Yangzhou, Jiagsu Province.Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1923.Received MS from MIT, USA in 1924 and Ph.D.from Harvard University in 1926.Professor and advisor, Shanghai Jiaotong University.

Zhu has been engaged in education and talent training for 65 years.He gave lectures on 21 courses, such as radio electronics,television and information theory.He stressed very much on basic theory and experimental study and paid great attention to the development of new technology.He compiled and drafted a number of textbooks, such as “Telecommunication Network”, “Radio Principles”, “Television Science”, “Power Transmission”,”Electrical Power”, ”System Automation”, ”Electrical Automation”, “Frequency Auto-modulation in Electrical Power System”, “Information Theory”, “Hydraulic Sound Engineering Principles”, and “Audiohologram Technology”.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

劉敦楨1897.09.19～1986.05.01

現代建筑學、建筑史學家。湖南新寧人。1921年畢業于日本東京高等工業學教建筑科。南京工學院教授、系主任。中國建筑教育及中國古建筑研究的開拓者之一。畢生致力于建筑教學及發揚中國傳統建筑文化。1928年發表《佛教對于中國建筑之影響》。1930年加入中國營造學社。在《中國營造學社匯刊》上發表論文《北平智華寺如來殿調查記》、《大壯室筆記》、《明長陵》、《大同古建筑調查報告》、《易縣清西陵》、《河北西部古建筑調查紀略》、《河南北部古建筑調查記》等，為中國古建筑研究樹立楷模。1953年創辦中國建筑研究室，出版了《中國住宅概況》。1959年起，主編《中國古代建筑簡史》、《蘇州古典園林》，總結國內研究成果，為中國建筑史這門學科做出了貢獻。遺著已整理為《劉敦楨文集》四卷出版。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Specialist in modern architectural education and history of architecture.Born in Xinning, Hunan Province.Graduated from the Architecture Department of Advanced Industry School, Tokyo in 1921.Professor and dean, Nanjing Institute of Technology.

Liu was one of the pioneers of China’s architectural education and history of architecture.He published “The Influence of Buddhism on Chinese Architecture” in 1928.He joined the Society for Research on Chinese Architecture in 1930.He published a number of theses of The Bulletin of Society for Research on Chinese Architecture,including “Investigation on the Hall of Buddha of Zhihua Temple in Beijing”, “A Note of Dazhuangshi”, “Chang Tomb of Ming Dynasty”, “Report on the Investigation of Ancient Architecture in Datong”, “The West Tomb in Yixian County”, “A Brief Investigation on Ancient Architecture in Western Hebei Province”,and “Report on the Investigatin of Ancient Architecture of Northern Henan Province”.He set a model for the research on ancient Chinese architecture.He established the Research Laboratory of Chinese Architecture in 1953 and published “General Survey of Chinese Residential Architecture”.He became the chief editor of “A Brief History of Ancient Chinese Architecture” and “Chinese Classical Gardens in Suzhou” in 1959.He summarized research achievements in China and made contributions to the study of the history of Chinese architecture.Most of his works were included in a four-volume publication of “The Collected Works of Liu Dunzhen”.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

孫德和1911.08.21～1981.07

鋼鐵冶金學家。安徽桐城人。1934年畢業于清華大學。1938年獲德國柏林高等工業學校工程師學位，1942年獲阿亨工科大學博士學位。冶金工業部北京鋼鐵設計研究院副總工程師、教授。系統地研究了鋼中含氫、真空測氫和真空冶煉對不同鋼種含氫的影響；創制了真空鋼液取樣測氫和氧的儀器。主持了我國第一個特殊鋼廠—大冶鋼廠的擴建工程總體設計。積極推進和指導我國第一座氧氣轉爐廠、連續鑄鋼、鋼水真空處理和爐外精煉等項目的實驗和工程設計。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Metallurgist and engineering design specialist in iron and steel industry.Born in Tongcheng, Anhui Province.Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1934.Received engineer degree in Germany in 1938, and Doktor-Ingenieur and special honorary Borchers medal from Technischen Hochschule zu Aachen in 1942.Professor,Tongji University, vice president, Shanghai Iron and Steel Company,deputy chief engineer, Beijing Central Engineering and Research Incorporation of Iron and Steel Industry, and deputy director, Editorial Board of “Mining and Metallurgy” of the Chinese Encyclopedia.

Sun was engaged in systematic research on the hydrogen in steel, the vacuum method for determining hydrogen content in steel and the influence of vacuum smelting on the hydrogen in different kinds of steel.Meanwhile, he successfully developed a new instrument for liquid steel sampling by vacuum method and for the analysis of hydrogen and oxygen content in steel.He headed the overall design of the extension project of Daye Steel Works, the first special steel plant in China.He promoted and conducted actively the experimental work and engineering design of the projects concerning steel continuous casting, vacuum degassing and secondary refining.He was awarded the title “Advanced Scientific and Technological Worker with Outstanding Contribution” by the National Science Conference held in 1978.He dedicated his remaining years to the compilation of the Chinese Encyclopedia in spite of suffering from constant illness.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

劉仙洲1890.01.27～1975.10.06

工程教育家和機械工程專家。河北完縣人。1918年畢業于香港大學機械工程系，獲“頭等榮譽”畢業文憑。清華大學第一副校長、教授。長期從事教育工作，治學嚴謹、德高望重，學術上很有成就。在教學過程中，堅持用漢語講課，并發奮編寫多種中文教材，成為我國自編工科大學教科書的創始人。奠定了我國機械工程教育的基礎。1933年，開始編訂《英漢對照機械工程名詞》，定義并統一了漢語機械工程名詞。同時是中國機械工程發明史研究的創始人，曾長期從事這方面的研究，并積極從事農業機械的推廣和中國農業機械工程發明史的研究工作。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Engineering education and mechanical engineering expert.Born in Wanxian, Hebei Province.Graduated with the certificate of firstclass honor from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong University in 1918.Professor and president, Beiyang University,professor, Northeast University, and first vice president Tsinghua University.

Liu was engaged in education for a long time and was noted for his meticulous scholarship, noble character, high prestige and excellent academic achievements.In engineering education, he persisted in lecturing in Chinese language, wrote various kinds of teaching materials in Chinese, and was the originator for compiling Chinese textbooks for engineering colleges.He started to compile the English-Chinese Dictionary of Mechanical Engineering in 1933 and defied and unified the Chinese terms of mechanical engineering.In addition, he was the founder of the study of the invention history of Chinese mechanical engineering and carried out persistent research in this field.He worked hard for the popularization of agriculture machinery and for the research on the invention history of Chinese agricultural mechanical engineering.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.