院士風采

靳樹梁1909.01.03～2001.01.01

冶金學家。河北徐水人。1920年畢業于北洋大學。東北工學院院長、教授。參加拆遷漢陽和六河溝鋼鐵廠至大渡口，以及組建威遠鋼鐵廠。1943年因改進高爐爐頂布料裝置獲中國工程師學會論文獎，并先后獲幾項發明專利。1949年后，在恢復鞍鋼和本鋼生產中，深入實際，卓有成效。在任東北工學院院長期間，經常到工廠研究解決生產中的問題，如領導本溪高爐結瘤的研究，領導總結高爐強化經驗，研究高爐降料理論，提出“風口區焦炭運動規律——袋式效應”、懸料機理、造渣理論等。領導教研室開展攀枝花釩鈦磁鐵礦高爐冶煉的科學研究，取得突破性成就。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Metallurgist. Born in Xushui, Hebei Province. Graduated from Beiyang University in 1920. Professor and president, Northeast Engineering College.

Jin constructed the Liuhegou, Dadukou, Weiyuan and other steel works. He was awarded the thesis prize of Chinese Engineers Society for his improvement of the distribution to the device of blastfurance in 1943 and received some invention patents. During the restoration of Anshan and Benxi steel works, he went right to the practice and achieved great success since 1949. When he was the president of Northeast Engineering College, he often went down to the factories to investigate and solve production problems. He instructed the study of Benxi blastfurnace nodule, the summary of the intensified experience of blastfurnace, the descending theory and pocket effect of blast tuyere, the hanging mechanism, the theory of slag making and so on. He led his teaching and research section to carry out scientific research on blastfurnace smelting of V-Ti magnetic mineral in Panzhihua and made a breakthrough.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

雷天覺1913.01.29～2005.11.04

機械學專家。湖南瀏陽人。1935年畢業于北平大學工學院。機械工業部機械科學研究院高級工程師。幾十年來在精密計量、精密加工、機械設計、靜壓技術等領域做出了重要貢獻。研制成工具磨床、內圓磨床和鏜床，達到當時國際水平。研制成離心加油式高速滑動軸承和角式光波干涉儀，均已用于磨床設計。還研究了調相式變量油泵，被國外引用生產。60年代負責研制1/10秒的分度機構，該裝置的精度達到了國際同類儀器的先進水平。還與人合作并負責研制成具有獨特優點的結構簡單的臺階式靜壓螺帽和靜壓式軸承。主持跨音速風洞用的柔壁噴管的技術工作。開發了振動試驗臺激振器用彈性流體靜壓軸承。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Machinery expert. Born in Liuyang, Hunan Province, Graduated from the Engineering College, Peking University in 1935. Senior engineer, Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Ministry of Machine-Building Industry.

Lei has made important contributions in the fields of precision measurement, precision finishing machine design and techniques of hydrostatic and aerostatic support of rubbing surfaces. He successfully manufactured the cutter grinders, internal grinders and boring machines which reached the then world advanced level, and the high speed sliding bearings with centrifugal lubrication as well as light interferometer which measured angles to an accuracy up to 0.002 second. He also investigated phase-modulation variable oil pump which was exported and produced by foreign countries. In the 1960s, he was responsible for developing an angle-dividing device with precision of 1/10 second, which was of the world advanced level. He is also responsible for successfully developing several types of hydrostatic supported screw and nut. In addition, he directed the technical work of manufacturing the nozzle with flexible walls used in the transonic wind tunnel and developed the elastic fluid hydrostatic bearing used in the vibration exciter of vibration testing mount.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

褚應璜1908.03.16～1985.04.21

電機制造專家。浙江嘉興人。1931年畢業于上海交通大學。機械工業部科技司顧問、研究員。30年代首次研究成功我國中小型交流異步電動機系列產品。主持設計了哈爾并電機廠第一期工程，組織研制了800千瓦、3000千瓦、10000千瓦水輪發電機組；負責堅定了我國第一臺汽輪發電機（6000千瓦）；負責籌建了電器科學研究院；組織編寫了《十二年科技發展規劃》的電工部分；指導研制了十萬千瓦水輪發電機組，為我國自己生產大型水電機組奠定了基礎；負責國際電工標準的技術咨詢與推廣工作，主持制定了中國電壓、電流與頻率等級標準；組織我國中小型電動機及低壓電器新系列的統一設計，為我國電器工業的發展做出了貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Specialist in electric machine manufacturing. Born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1931. Research professor and advisor, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Machinery-Building Industry.

In the 1930s, Chu successfully developed for the first time the series of alternating synchronous motors of medium or low power. He directed and designed the first-stage engineering project of the Harbin Electric Machines Plant. He organized and developed water turbogenerator sets of 800Kw, 3,000Kw and 10,000Kw, took the responsibility for appraising the first Chinese made 6,000Kw steam turbogenerator, and established the Institute of Science of Electrical Appliances. He organized the drawing of the electrical engineering part in the Twelve-Year Scheme for the Development of Science and Technology and guided the development of 100,000Kw hydroelectric generating set, laying foundation for the production of Chinese made high-power hydroelectric units. He took the responsibility for the technological consultation and popularization of the international electrotechnical standard in China, directed the formulation of grade scales for voltage, current and frequency in China and organized the unified design of new series of electromotors and low-voltage electrical apparatus of low and medium power, making contributions to the development of electrical apparatus industry in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

蔡方蔭1901.04.27～1963.12.13

土木建筑結構專家。江西南昌人。1925年畢業于清華大學。1928年獲美國麻省理工學院碩士學位。建筑工程部建筑科學研究院副院長兼總工程師。在學術貢獻方面，分析和總結了國內外常用一般剛構分析方面的各種“力矩一次分配法”，并提出了更簡化實用的方法，同時提出了計算變截面梁、柱的“I0/I圖鉅面積法”來計算各撓曲常數。在對橫梁為桁梁的剛構方面，采取了簡便而切合實用的“柱頂力鉅作用”和“桁架跨變影響”兩項準則，簡化地按一般剛構分析方法進行計算，能獲得與“最小功法”和“”冗力法同樣精確的結果。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Expert in civil engineering architectural structure. Born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1925. Received MS from MIT,USA in 1928. Vice president and chief engineer, Chinese Research Institute for Building Sciences. Ministry of Building Engineering.

Cai analyzed and summed up various forms of the “One-step momentum distribution method” in general rigid structureanalysis conventionally used and forwarded a more simplified and practical method. Meanwhile, he proposed the I0/I chart rectangular area method for calculating the beams and columns of varying cross-sections to calculate the deflection constants. In the respect of rigid structure using the main beam as the grid formation, he adopted two simplified and practical criteria, the co.umn top momentum action and the grid formation spanning effect, to conduct the calculation concisely following the general rigid structure analysis, achieving results as precise as those of the minimum work method and redundant force method.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.