城市老街道空間設計理論與方法

摘 要：本文以武漢漢正街區寶慶街為研究對象，漢正街是一個因商業繁榮而發展起來的城市區域，歷史上不僅“八方商賈云集”，而且“本鄉人少異鄉多”。因為地緣與業緣的關系，同一地區的外鄉人往往聚居在一起，由此形成了很多極具異鄉特色的歷史街區，有些還一直保存到現在，寶慶街區就是其中的典型代表。

在大量資料分析的基礎上，找出寶慶街現狀存在的問題，明確對其改造的目的及意義。然后結合寶慶街區現狀和對其要求，確定街區設計理念，并做簡要的講解。最后通過各種設計理論與方法在寶慶街區上的運用，解決現狀存在的各種問題。保持和創造多樣的街道空間，一是指街道整體，通過多樣性設計，形成自身特性，顯示與其他街道空間的多樣差別；二是指街道空間各物質元素、空間氛圍和街道生活的豐富多樣，滿足人的多樣需求。

關鍵詞：寶慶街；街巷結構；空間多樣性；空間設計

Abstract:This article in Wuhan Hanzhengjie Baoqing Street as the research object Hanzhengjie is a distric which originated from business. On the history there were many businessmen who came from all around of China，and the foreigners were manymore than natives.Most of foreigners lived together who came from the same region or thesame occupation，then many special dwelling districs appeared.Some of them still havebeen here till now， Baoqing block is a typical dwelling district of which.

On the basis of the analysis of large amounts of data to find out the status questions of Baoqing Street， and make sure its transformation of the purpose and significance. The Baoqing block status and its requirements and then combined to determine the neighborhood design concept， and do a brief explanation. Finally， through a variety of design theory and methods in the the Baoqing block on the use to solve the various problems of the status questions. Keeping and creating diversified urban street space， one side is the whole street space， forming its own feature through diversity designing， reveal the distinction between it and the other streets; the other side is the plentiful diversity of its material element， ambience and street life. These kinds of diversity can satisfy people’s multiple demand.

Keywords:Baoqingjie；alleys structure；space diversity；space design

中圖分類號：TU984.191

文獻標識碼：B

文章編號：1008-0422（2012）05-0125-02

1 概況

1.1漢正街概況

漢正街是“古漢口之正街”，是漢口歷史上最早的中心街道，是萬商云集，商品爭流之地。早期的商人中間流傳著這樣幾句話：要做生意你莫愁，拿好本錢備小舟。順著漢水往下走，生意興隆算漢口。漢水發源于陜西，由此注入長江，幾百年以前，陜西商人乘船順流而下，將貨物運到漢正街販賣中轉。漢正街就是由最初的貨物集散地發展而來的。

新中國成立后，由于國營經濟主導地位的確立，以及后來“文革”的影響，漢正街小商品市場曾一度停歇。……