定語(yǔ)從句是初中階段一個(gè)重要語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn),近年來(lái)考查定語(yǔ)從句的試題頻繁在中考中出現(xiàn)。下面結(jié)合近年全國(guó)各地中考試題對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查熱點(diǎn)作一梳理,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們有所幫助。
一、考查Who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
We should give love to the children ______ lost their parents in the earthquake.
A. who B. whom C. those D. which
【點(diǎn)撥】 定語(yǔ)從句如果修飾人,常常用關(guān)系代詞who,有時(shí)也用that,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)多用who。選A。句意為:我們應(yīng)該給那些在地震中失去父母的孩子們一些關(guān)愛。C項(xiàng)不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;先行詞為人,排除D項(xiàng);B項(xiàng)不能作主語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。
二、考查whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our new math teacher.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which
2. Your parents are the persons ______ you should write.
A. that B. whom C. who D. to whom
【點(diǎn)撥】 當(dāng)先行詞是表示人的名詞(組) 或代詞,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 引導(dǎo)詞用whom 或that (口語(yǔ)中也可用who)。
1. 選C。2. 選D。先行詞the persons表示人,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that, who或whom, 但who的前面不能有介詞,如果帶介詞,則必須用whom, 即用“介詞+whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項(xiàng)。
三、考查which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
The book ______ was written by Yu Dan sells well.
A. who B. which C. how D. what
【點(diǎn)撥】 當(dāng)先行詞是表示物的名詞(組) 或代詞,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 引導(dǎo)詞用which或that。選B。句意為:于丹寫的書很暢銷。此句先行詞the book是物,引導(dǎo)詞要用which或that。故選B。
四、考查that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
I like the music ______ I can sing along with.
A. whatB. that C. who D. why
【點(diǎn)撥】 選B。先行詞為the music, 所填的引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)選關(guān)系代詞that。
五、查when, where, why等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1. I will never forget the day ______ I met her.
A. that B. which C. when D. who
2. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it?
—Yes, it has built many schools ______ those children can study happily.
A. where B. whenC. which D. what
3. I know the reason ______ she didn’t come yesterday.
A. which B. thatC. why D. where
【點(diǎn)撥】 1. 選C。先行詞the day是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),故選C。
2. 選A。此句考查定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞schools, 故用where。
3. 選C。先行詞the reason表示原因,故選C。
六、考查whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
We all like the teachers ______ class is interesting and creative .
A. which B. whose C. who D. that
【點(diǎn)撥】 選B。該句意為:我們都喜歡那些上課有趣且有創(chuàng)造性的老師。通過對(duì)題干和句意的分析可知,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作定語(yǔ),故只能用whose。