換種語言我也認(rèn)識(shí)你!

生活節(jié)奏越來越快，網(wǎng)絡(luò)更新飛速，新詞也如雨后春筍——名人、品牌的粉絲被冠以各種常見事物的名稱。潮詞——也許等大家看到這篇文章的時(shí)候它們已經(jīng)過了最“輝煌”的時(shí)刻了。既然是潮詞，換種語言也要記住它們哦。

sock puppet——論壇“馬甲”

A sock puppet is an online identity used for purposes of deception[欺騙] within an online community. It is a fake identity through which a member of an Internet community discusses or comments on oneself or one’s work， pretending to be a different person， like a puppeteer[操縱木偶的人] manipulating[操縱] a hand puppet.

喜歡“泡”網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇的人有時(shí)為了隱藏身份會(huì)注冊多個(gè)賬號(hào)，并通過不同的賬號(hào)假裝成另外一個(gè)人參與自己作品的討論，而且每個(gè)帳號(hào)的語言特點(diǎn)和發(fā)言風(fēng)格可能都大不相同。大家把這些不同的虛擬身份叫做“馬甲”，其對應(yīng)的英文是“sock puppet”。

ringxiety——手機(jī)幻聽

Ringxiety is described as the sensation and the 1 belief that one can hear his or her mobile phone ringing or feel it vibrating[振動(dòng)]， when in fact the telephone is not doing so.

你是否有過這樣的經(jīng)歷——在吵雜或人多的環(huán)境里聽到電話響，明明不是自己的電話，卻還是忍不住拿出手機(jī)來看一眼。過了一會(huì)兒，似乎感覺到放手機(jī)的地方在振動(dòng)，趕緊掏出手機(jī)——其實(shí)手機(jī)并沒有動(dòng)靜。這種情況就是我們常說的“手機(jī)幻聽”（ringxiety）。“ringxiety”由“ringtone”（手機(jī)鈴聲）和“anxiety”（焦慮）兩個(gè)詞組合而成，指手機(jī)沒有振動(dòng)或響鈴，但人們以為聽到手機(jī)響或者感到其振動(dòng)的錯(cuò)覺。

其他可以用來指代“手機(jī)幻聽”的說法還有“phantom[虛幻的] ring effect”和“fauxcellarm”——后者由“faux”（法語，意思為“假的”），“cell”（手機(jī)）和“alarm”（鈴聲）組成。導(dǎo)致這一現(xiàn)象的部分原因可能是人類對1000到6000赫茲的聲音頻率比較敏感，而手機(jī)鈴聲大都位于這一頻率范圍內(nèi)。

downshifting——為生活減速

Downshifting is a social behavior or trend in which individuals live simpler lives to escape from the rat race[激烈競爭] of obsessive[著迷的] materialism[物質(zhì)主義] and to reduce the stress， overtime， and psychological expense that may accompany it. It emphasizes[強(qiáng)調(diào)] finding an improved balance between leisure and work and focusing life goals on personal fulfillment and relationship building instead of the all-consuming pursuit of economic success.

工作壓力大、生活節(jié)奏快，我們常常不自覺地用花錢來舒緩壓力，以致于成了“月光族”而不自知。何不放下奢華的想法，選擇讓心靈更充實(shí)的簡單生活呢？國外將這種生活理念稱作“downshifting”，其主要價(jià)值觀體現(xiàn)為：放慢生活的腳步，花時(shí)間做一些有意義的事情，不亂花錢。

scene kid——非主流少年

Scene kid refers to a person who adopts an unconventional[不因循守舊的] style of dress， such as colored hair worn high on the head， dramatic eyeliner and straight jeans， and who prefers hip-hop， screamo注， punk rock， and other offbeat genres of music.

對于時(shí)尚，不同的人有不同的追求。有些人看到時(shí)尚雜志或櫥窗里推薦什么就買什么，結(jié)果落得滿大街“撞衫”。有些人卻因只在潮流大軍中挑選適合自己風(fēng)格的物件而被指“千年不變”。還有一些人，只要是主流的東西，他們肯定不喜歡。各類小眾搖滾秀場是他們必去的地方，不論男女都喜歡穿細(xì)瘦的鉛筆牛仔褲，化濃妝——他們就是scene kids。

carbon footprint——碳足跡

A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities， usually expressed in equivalent[相等的] tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). In other words: When you drive a car， the engine burns fuel which creates a certain amount of CO2， depending on its fuel consumption[消耗] and the driving distance. When you buy food and goods， the production of the food and goods also emitted[散發(fā)] some quantities of CO2. Even if you heat your house with electricity， the generation of the electrical power may also have emitted a certain amount of CO2.

環(huán)保一直是備受關(guān)注的話題。聯(lián)合國氣候變化峰會(huì)的召開更使溫室氣體排放、碳足跡以及節(jié)能減排等話題成為各大媒體熱議的焦點(diǎn)。有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)還設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)碳足跡計(jì)算器，讓每個(gè)人都了解到自己的行為對環(huán)境造成的影響。碳足跡指的是在一定時(shí)間段內(nèi)一個(gè)人的所有活動(dòng)所引起的二氧化碳排放總量。通常情況下，碳足跡以一年為一個(gè)時(shí)間段進(jìn)行計(jì)算。

staycation——家中度假

A staycation (or stay-cation， or stacation) is a neologism[新詞] for a period of time in which an individual or family stays at home and relaxes at home or takes day trips from their home to area attractions. Staycations achieved high popularity in the financial crisis of 2007~2009 in which unemployment levels and gas prices were high.

經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，物價(jià)飛漲，收入沒辦法跟上，原本節(jié)日出游的宏圖也許要暫且擱置。退而求其次，有些人選擇了市內(nèi)旅游，有人干脆在家待著。在經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)期間，staycation（家中度假）在失業(yè)率和油價(jià)不斷攀升的情況下迅速走紅，用以指人們待在家里休息或者在附近區(qū)域景點(diǎn)游覽度假。有些在家度假的人還喜歡遵循一定的原則，比如定好假期起止日期、提前做計(jì)劃、避免安排常規(guī)活動(dòng)等，以期創(chuàng)造一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)假期的氛圍。

Strawberry Generation——草莓族

They look chic[時(shí)尚的] and sophisticated. They are soft and get hurt easily. They seem unbearably spoilt and can’t take much pressure. They are the so-called “Strawberry Generation.”

坊間對80后的議論還沒有褪去，針對90后的種種說法隨即襲來。“他們的素質(zhì)都很不錯(cuò)，可就是承受不了打擊，太容易受傷害了，”人們常常這樣形容這一群年輕人，還用一個(gè)很生動(dòng)的比喻來指代他們——Strawberry Generation。

flash mob——快閃族

Flash mob refers to a large group of people who gather in a usually predetermined[預(yù)先決定的] location， perform an unusual action for a brief time， and then quickly disperse[疏散]. The term “flash mob” is generally applied only to gatherings organized via telecommunications， social media， or viral emails[病毒式郵件]， not applied to events organized by public relations firms.

自從邁克爾·杰克遜離開我們之后，似乎每隔一段時(shí)間便會(huì)聽說某時(shí)某地會(huì)有“快閃”活動(dòng)。參加這種活動(dòng)的人就是快閃族（flash mob）——指聚集在一個(gè)事先商定好的地點(diǎn)，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成一些異常的舉動(dòng)，然后快速解散并消失的一大群人。“快閃”活動(dòng)基本上只需要簡單的通知，有時(shí)為了確保每次活動(dòng)的新奇性，直到活動(dòng)開始之前，參加者才會(huì)被告知活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。