摘要:制備了6種涂膜液對金秋梨在室溫和冷藏(0~4 ℃)條件下進行涂膜保鮮試驗,并對室溫貯藏30、60 d和0~4 ℃貯藏90 d后金秋梨的失重率、硬度、可溶性固形物(SSC)含量、總酸含量、細胞膜透性、總糖含量、腐爛率和維生素C(VC)含量等常見貯藏指標進行了測定。結果表明,不同涂膜處理的金秋梨在室溫和冷藏條件下的失重率和腐爛率基本上都顯著小于相應的對照組(CK)。其中,添加3 g/L納米SiOx的殼聚糖涂膜液(CTS2)所處理的金秋梨,在室溫貯藏條件下,果實的失重率和腐爛率都小于其他組,硬度大于其他組,保鮮效果較好,室溫下可以延長金秋梨的貯藏期1個月。
關鍵詞:涂膜;金秋梨;保鮮效果
中圖分類號:S661.2;TS972.24 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2011)24-5230-04
Research on the Fresh-keeping Effect of 6 Coating Agents on Jinqiu Pear
LI Zong-lei1,ZHAO Qi1,WANG Ming-li2
(1.Chemical Engineering Department of Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology,Xuzhou 221140,Jiangsu,China;
2. Guizhou Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy,Guiyang 550003,Guizhou,China)
Abstract: Six kinds of coating agents were prepared for the storage of Jinqiu pear under room temperature or refrigeration (0~4 ℃). The indices including weight loss rate, hardness, soluble solid content, total acid, cell membrane permeability, total sugar, decay rate and vitamin C of Jinqiu pear stored for 30 and 60 d under room temperature as well as those chilled (0~4 ℃) for 90 d were measured. It was found that weight loss rate and decay rate of Jinqiu pear with different coating treatment under two storage temperature was remarkably lower than the corresponding comparison(CK). The CTS2 treatment(chitosan with 3 g/L nano-SiOx particles coating) had the best preservation effect under room temperature as the weight loss rate and decay rate of pear was the lowest while the hardness was the highest among all groups. The storage life of Jinqiu pear under room temperature could be prolonged for one month by CTS2 treatment.
Key words: coating; Jinqiu pear; fresh-keeping
金秋梨成熟于深秋,扁圓形或圓錐形,成熟果實呈淡金黃色,果皮光滑透亮,陽面紅褐色,果型大,皮薄,核仁小,肉白色,肉質細脆,汁多味甜,深受人們喜愛。但是,金秋梨屬不耐藏品種,在室溫條件下金秋梨采后極易失水軟化,褐變腐爛,營養成分損失較快[1]。
殼聚糖是一種天然高分子化合物,具有無毒、安全、易成膜、抗菌等特性,在果蔬的貯藏保鮮中已得到廣泛應用[2]。納米SiOx是一種無毒、無味、無污染的白色粉末狀非金屬材料,當其粒徑減小至納米級時將會產生一系列特殊的效應[3]。該試驗將改性后的納米SiOx添加到殼聚糖的冰乙酸溶液中,制得不同濃度的涂膜保鮮液應用于金秋梨的保鮮。同時,分別配制了一定濃度的二氧化氯(ClO2)溶液和氯化鈣(CaCl2)溶液并應用于金秋梨的保鮮試驗,以期篩選出較理想的保鮮方法。……