摘要:近年來,資源基礎(chǔ)觀已成為理解企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢的重要理論依據(jù)。通過回顧以資源異質(zhì)性為核心的傳統(tǒng)資源基礎(chǔ)理論,到以人的異質(zhì)性為核心的企業(yè)能力理論的資源基礎(chǔ)理論演進(jìn)歷程,分析資源基礎(chǔ)觀研究對象層次化、動(dòng)態(tài)化和無形化的研究趨勢,進(jìn)一步闡明未來應(yīng)用資源基礎(chǔ)理論可對資源、動(dòng)態(tài)能力和知識之間的關(guān)系,以便在公司治理和管理層收購及企業(yè)家精神等領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行更為深入的研究。
關(guān)鍵詞:資源基礎(chǔ)理論;競爭優(yōu)勢;研究領(lǐng)域
中圖分類號:F273.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
Study on Resource-based Theory and Future Research Field
YANG Chun-hua
(School of Finance and Accounting,Zhejiang Gongshang University,
Hangzhou 310018,China)
Abstract:The resource-based view has recently emerged as an important approach to understanding organizations′ competitive advantage. The paper makes an analysis of object hierarchy, dynamic and intangible research trends of resource-based view and further clarifies the relationship between future application of resource-based theory with resources, dynamic capabilities and knowledge to carry out more in-depth research on the fields of corporate governance ,management acquisitions and entrepreneurship by reviewing the evolution from traditional resource-based theory that takes heterogeneity of resources as the core to the resource-based theory of enterprise capability that takes heterogeneity of the people as the core.
Key words:resource-based theory;competitive advantage;research field
近年來,企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢成為戰(zhàn)略管理領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)重要研究方向(Porter,1985;Rumelt,1984),而資源基礎(chǔ)觀也已成為理解企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢的重要理論依據(jù),在理論界和實(shí)踐界具有越來越廣泛的影響。本文在回顧資源基礎(chǔ)理論演進(jìn)歷程的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了資源基礎(chǔ)觀的研究趨勢,并進(jìn)一步闡明了資源基礎(chǔ)觀未來的研究領(lǐng)域,為資源基礎(chǔ)觀理論與實(shí)踐的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展提供借鑒。
一、資源基礎(chǔ)理論的演進(jìn)
嚴(yán)格地說,最早賦予資源基礎(chǔ)觀理論基礎(chǔ)的是Penrose,在其所著的《企業(yè)成長理論》一書中,他用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理探討了企業(yè)資源與企業(yè)成長間的關(guān)系,提出了“組織不均衡成長理論”,使資源基礎(chǔ)觀不再只是觀念上的討論而具有了理論上的支撐。Penrose認(rèn)為企業(yè)是“被一個(gè)行政管理框架協(xié)調(diào)并限定邊界的資源集合”,企業(yè)成長的源泉來自企業(yè)的內(nèi)部資源,正是企業(yè)內(nèi)部的資源和能力是企業(yè)績效和發(fā)展方向的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。……