襲著革
軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院衛(wèi)生學(xué)環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)研究所,天津300050
納米材料對心血管系統(tǒng)影響的研究進(jìn)展
襲著革*
軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院衛(wèi)生學(xué)環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)研究所,天津300050
隨著納米材料生物安全性及納米毒理學(xué)相關(guān)研究的深入,納米尺度物質(zhì)對心血管系統(tǒng)的潛在危害受到極大關(guān)注.論文綜述了納米尺度物質(zhì)對心血管系統(tǒng)影響的流行病研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的最新進(jìn)展,探討了納米尺度物質(zhì)對心血管系統(tǒng)影響的分子機(jī)制,提出了心血管系統(tǒng)是納米尺度物質(zhì)所致毒性效應(yīng)的主要靶點(diǎn)之一的觀點(diǎn),在此基礎(chǔ)上對納米尺度物質(zhì)對心血管系統(tǒng)影響研究的發(fā)展方向進(jìn)行了展望.
納米材料;生物安全性;心肺組織損傷;炎性信號(hào)傳遞;心血管系統(tǒng)損傷
Received 20 April 2009 accepted 24 May 2009
Abstract:With the development of the researches of biological safety of nano-materials and nonotoxicology,the potential harmful effects of nanoscale materials on cardiovascular system are becoming critical.In this paper,the epidemiological and experimentalstudiesoftoxic effectson cardiovascularsystem induced by nanoscale materials,and theirmolecular mechanism,were reviewed and discussed,and the opinion that cardiovascular system is one of the main target systems that the nanoscale materials attack were offered.Finally,the future research direction of toxicological effects of nanoscale materials on cardiovascular system was also prospected based on the current knowledge.
Keywords:nanoscale materials;biological safety;damages of heart and lung tissues;inflammatory signal transmission;damage of cardiovascular system
納米材料是指三維空間中至少有一維處于納米尺度(1~100nm)的材料,介于微觀的原子、分子和典型的宏觀物質(zhì)的過渡區(qū)域.納米材料結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性使其具有強(qiáng)烈的小尺寸效應(yīng)、量子效應(yīng)以及巨大的表面效應(yīng),表現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的物理化學(xué)性能.由于納米材料的這些特性,使得它們在機(jī)械、計(jì)算機(jī)、半導(dǎo)體、軍事設(shè)備、家用電器、化妝品、石油、汽車、化工、醫(yī)藥、環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用日益廣泛(Blasi et al.,2007;Borm et al.,2006;Koo et al.,2006; Lanone and Boczkowski,2006;Liao et al.,2006; Linkov et al.,2008;Thomas et al.,2006),納米材料已大量進(jìn)入人們的日常生活,從而對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康造成重要影響.
納米材料特殊的理化性質(zhì)和所具有的特殊效應(yīng),使進(jìn)入環(huán)境的納米材料正在成為一類新型污染物,構(gòu)成對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康的現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅(NNI,2006;US EPA,2007;US NIOSH,2006; OECD,2007).作為一種處于宏觀和微觀水平之間的介觀結(jié)構(gòu),納米材料所表現(xiàn)的基本的特殊效應(yīng)均與其潛在的生物效應(yīng)或毒性效應(yīng)密切相關(guān).例如表面效應(yīng)使納米材料化學(xué)活性、催化能力升高;……