摘 要:介紹了以FPGA為核心基于LVDS接口的高速通信系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)通過FPGA將并行輸入的信號組成特定的串行幀格式,并用LVDS接口發(fā)送。電纜驅(qū)動器及接收均衡器芯片用于加強系統(tǒng)遠距離數(shù)據(jù)傳送的能力,以保證200 m同軸電纜的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。系統(tǒng)使用串行同步方式傳輸,接收端首先通過時鐘恢復芯片從串行數(shù)據(jù)幀中提取同步時鐘,然后接收串行數(shù)據(jù)幀并恢復原信號。系統(tǒng)靈活性強、穩(wěn)定性高,單路傳輸速度高達120 Mb/s。
關鍵詞:低壓差分信號; 現(xiàn)場可編程邏輯陣列; 同軸電纜; 同步通信
中圖分類號:TP274 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)13-0057-03
Study of High Speed Communication System Based on FPGA
WU Qiang, LI Tao
(College of Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
Abstract: A high-speed communication system based on LVDS technology by FPGA is introduced. A specific serial frame format composed of the parallel input signal through FPGA, is sent with LVDS interface. The ability of system′s long-distance transmission is enhanced by the chip of cable driver and cable equalizer, which ensure the data transmission at 200 meters coaxial cable. The System uses serial synchronous transfer mode, the receiver extracts synchronous clock signal from serial data frame by clock recovery chip, then it receives serial frames and recovers original signals. This System has high flexibility and stability, and the data rate of one channel is up to 120Mbps.
Keywords: LVDS; FPGA; coaxial cable; synchronous communication
0 引 言
遠程通信系統(tǒng)和遠程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)對信號傳輸有兩方面的要求:一方面要求接口靈活且有較高的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸帶寬;另一方面要求系統(tǒng)的傳輸距離遠。傳統(tǒng)接口如UART,USB,以太網(wǎng)等在傳輸帶寬和傳輸距離上均無法滿足要求[1]。
低壓差分信號(LVDS)是一種低擺幅的差分信號技術(shù)。LVDS的恒流源模式及低擺幅輸出使傳輸速度可以從數(shù)百Mb/s到2 Gb/s以上。差分傳輸方式使LVDS信號對共模輸入噪聲有更強的抵抗能力。LVDS技術(shù)功耗低,100 Ω的負載電阻功耗僅有12 mW[2]。這些特點使得LVDS技術(shù)廣泛應用在許多要求高速度與低功耗的領域。
隨著半導體工藝進步,現(xiàn)場可編程邏輯陣列(FPGA)的性能和集成度在不斷提高,同時成本在下降。FPGA片內(nèi)資源豐富且靈活性強[3]。通過配置邏輯資源和I/O,可以生成支持各種標準的接口,適合完成接口間的通信工作。FPGA的可重構(gòu)性使相同的硬件環(huán)境可以實現(xiàn)不同的功能,節(jié)約了系統(tǒng)升級和更改的成本?!?br>