摘 要:衛(wèi)星信道的研究一直是衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)的難點(diǎn),傳統(tǒng)上的研究方法都有很明顯的缺陷。將來,衛(wèi)星移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)會(huì)使用MIMO分集技術(shù),這更增加了衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)研究的難度。而近年來,隨著射線追蹤法的發(fā)展,運(yùn)用射線追蹤法研究衛(wèi)星通信信道成為現(xiàn)實(shí),具有很多優(yōu)勢。運(yùn)用射線追蹤法,建立了城市環(huán)境下衛(wèi)星移動(dòng)通信MIMO信道的射線追蹤模型,對其空間分集和極化分集性能進(jìn)行了模型仿真性研究。結(jié)果表明,MIMO信道的射線追蹤技術(shù)能有效提高信道容量。
關(guān)鍵詞: 衛(wèi)星通信; 多輸入多輸出; 射線追蹤; 模型仿真
中圖分類號(hào):TP9115 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)13-0076-03
Characteristics of Satellite Communication MIMO Channel Model Based on Ray-tracing
LI Yun-long, GAO Xiao-feng
(Modern Education Technology and Information Center, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China)
Abstract:It is difficult to research the channel of satellite communication, and the traditional method has obvious defects. In the future, the MIMO diversity technology will be used in satellite communication system, what will add the difficulty of the research on satellite communication system. Recently, the research on satellite communication channel by using the ray-tracing with its development is realized. The satellite communication MIMO channel model based on ray-tracing techniques in urban environments was setup, the performances of spatial diversity and polarization diversity were simulated and analyzed. The results show that satellite communication MIMO channel model based on ray-tracing technique can improve the channel capacity efficiently.
Keywords:satellite communication; MIMO; ray-tracing; model simulation
0 引 言
衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)的可靠性很大程度上取決于電波傳播因素,衛(wèi)星至移動(dòng)終端的通信鏈路工作在較窄的信號(hào)范圍內(nèi),地形和樹木的遮蔽衰減以及由反射信號(hào)引起的多徑衰落都會(huì)大大降低通信質(zhì)量,甚至造成通信中斷。因此,不管是在軍用還是在民用環(huán)境下,衛(wèi)星通信信道[1]的建模是一個(gè)必須研究和解決的首要問題。
由于地面移動(dòng)終端所處的環(huán)境復(fù)雜且不斷變化,使星地之間信道特性研究難度較大,國內(nèi)外主要研究途徑有三個(gè)方面[2]:建立數(shù)學(xué)模型的理論分析;信道特性的仿真研究;進(jìn)行實(shí)測,以供設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)時(shí)參考。前兩種方法著重于理論上的研究,而第三種方法必須要利用衛(wèi)星或飛機(jī)進(jìn)行實(shí)測,費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,特別是在預(yù)研階段的前期研究中,由于條件的限制,在國內(nèi)進(jìn)行星載或機(jī)載試驗(yàn),在技術(shù)和經(jīng)費(fèi)上都有問題,隨時(shí)隨地對實(shí)際衛(wèi)星移動(dòng)通信信道[3]進(jìn)行測試常常不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。……