真的“準(zhǔn)備”好了嗎

動(dòng)詞prepare表示“準(zhǔn)備”，往往構(gòu)成“be prepared for”搭配，譯作“為……做好準(zhǔn)備”。這一搭配與時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)合構(gòu)成不同變體形式。

一、be prepared for 為……已做好充分準(zhǔn)備

例1Some Olympic officials have come to see how Beijing for this year’s games.

A. prepares B. will prepareC. is being prepared D. is prepared

答案與解析D。be prepared for 為……已做好充分準(zhǔn)備。僅表狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞-ed形式prepared已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。句意:一些奧運(yùn)官員來(lái)北京看奧運(yùn)會(huì)的準(zhǔn)備工作是否到位。

二、be preparing for為……正在做準(zhǔn)備

例2—What’s that terrible noise?

—The neighbors for a party. (2004北京卷)

A. have prepared B. are preparing

C. prepare D. will prepare

答案與解析B。be preparing for為……正在做準(zhǔn)備。強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句意:隔壁鄰居正在籌備晚會(huì)。

三、be being prepared for為……時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著

例3In particular， they wanted to make sure young people for careers in science.

A. had prepared B. would prepare

C. were being prepared D. were prepared

答案與解析C。be being prepared for為……時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著。既含動(dòng)作，從being體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，動(dòng)作隨時(shí)待發(fā);又暗含狀態(tài)，從prepared體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，已完全做好準(zhǔn)備，有“呼之欲出，出則能戰(zhàn)，戰(zhàn)則能勝”之意。此時(shí)態(tài)表意豐富，形象生動(dòng)。句意:他們特別想知道年輕人是否已隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備著獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)事業(yè)。

四、has\\have been preparing for 為……一直準(zhǔn)備著

例4—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

—I think so. He _____ for it for months.(江蘇卷2008)

A. is preparing B. was preparing

C. had been preparing D. has been preparing

答案與解析D。has been preparing for 為……一直準(zhǔn)備著。既表動(dòng)作，從preparing體現(xiàn)出來(lái);又表示狀態(tài)，從has been... for months體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。說(shuō)話對(duì)象Andrew為了比賽而精心準(zhǔn)備了數(shù)月。某個(gè)動(dòng)作或過(guò)程過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)刻，有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)。因此，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)仍帶有進(jìn)行時(shí)的持續(xù)性。

編輯/梁宇清