早期護理干預對預防產后尿潴留的臨床分析

[摘要] 目的 觀察早期護理干預對預防產后尿潴留的效果。方法 將320例經陰道分娩的產婦分為兩組，預防組與對照組，各160例，對照組實行常規護理，預防組進行心理、定時按摩下腹部膀胱區和沖洗會陰等早期護理干預，觀察兩組產后尿潴留的情況。結果 預防組比對照組產后自解小便時間較早，尿潴留發生少，兩組經統計學檢驗差別具有高度顯著意義(P<0.01)。結論 說明早期護理干預可促進產婦產后及早自解小便，有效預防產后尿潴留的發生。

[關鍵詞] 早期護理;尿潴留;下腹按摩;會陰沖洗

[中圖分類號] R473.71[文獻標識碼] A[文章編號] 1004-8650(2009)07-014-02

[Abstract] Objective To observe the early nursing intervention on the effectiveness of the prevention of postpartum urinary retention. Methods 320 cases of vaginal birth women were divided into two groups， prevention group including 160 cases and control group including 160 cases. The control group implements the conventional care. The prevention group carries out psychology， massage the bladder the lower abdomen from time to time and washing perineal and so on area early nursing intervention. We observe the postpartum urinary retention of two group cases. Results The prevention is earlier self-urination and urinary retention occurred in less difference than the control group， the two groups are highly significant by the statistical test (P<0.01). Conclusion the early nursing intervention can promote the early post-natal maternal self-urine， and effectively prevent the occurrence of postpartum urinary retention.

[Key Words] the early nursing; retention of urine; the lower abdomen massage; perineal douche

產后尿潴留是指產婦產后超過6-8小時不能自行排尿者[1]，為產科常見并發癥，多見于初產婦。如處理不及時，常影響子宮收縮，導致陰道流血量增多，也易引起泌尿道感染。嚴重者可致產后大出血。目前，臨床護理對產后尿潴留更多集中于發生后的各種緩解及處理措施的應用與探討，如熱敷、開塞露塞肛、導尿等護理措施，增加了產婦的痛苦，加大了治療護理工作量，是一種被動的護理方式。然而，我們變被動為主動，產前心理干預，產后定時按摩下腹部膀胱區并行會陰沖洗，同時施以心理護理和飲食指導，促進了產婦產后及早自解小便，有效地預防了產后尿潴留的發生。

1資料與方法

1.1臨床資料

將2008年8月-2009年3月間在我院分娩的初產婦320例隨機分為對照組和預防組，每組各160例。兩組產婦分娩方式均為足月順產或陰道助產，年齡22-38周歲，平均年齡30歲，無合并內科疾病，兩組一般情況比較無顯著性差異(P>0.05)，具有可比性。……