煙堿對東莨菪堿誘導的學習記憶障礙的影響

[摘要] 目的 探討煙堿(Nicotine)對大鼠和小鼠空間學習記憶的影響。方法①SD大鼠，180-250 g 40只，雌雄各半隨機分為空白對照組，東莨菪堿模型組，煙堿低劑量組和煙堿高劑量組。然后利用Morris 水迷宮(MWM) 參照記憶實驗進行行為學訓練。每日訓練前空白對照組與模型組給予生理鹽水(0.9%，ip)，低劑量與高劑量組分別給予0.125mg/kg(ip)和0.5mg/kg(ip)的煙堿。第8天按照上述方式給藥30min后，模型組、低劑量組和高劑量組分別給予2mg/kg的氫溴東莨菪堿(ip)，30min后進行測試。② 56只18-22 g NIH小鼠雌雄各半隨機分成空白對照組，東莨菪堿模型組，煙堿低劑量組和煙堿高劑量組。給藥過程、方法與實驗1同，低劑量與高劑量分別按照0.25mg/kg和1mg/kg的量給予。小鼠進行SMG-2通道水迷宮進行測試，并記錄其潛伏期和錯誤次數。結果 ① 大鼠實驗結果顯示:模型組與空白組及其給藥組比較潛伏期明顯延長(P<0.05，P<0.01)。② 小鼠實驗結果顯示:模型組與空白組及其給藥組比較，錯誤次數顯著增高(P<0.01)，潛伏期明顯延長(P<0.05，P<0.01)。結論 ① M-型膽堿能受體阻滯劑東莨菪堿能損害大小鼠空間記憶能力，2mg/kg的氫溴東莨菪堿可成功誘導大、小鼠學習記憶障礙的模型。② 煙堿對大小鼠的空間學習記憶能力有一定的改善作用，且可以削弱東莨菪堿對學習記憶的破壞。

[關鍵詞] 煙堿;東莨菪堿;空間學習記憶;Morris 水迷宮;SMG-2通道水迷宮

[中圖分類號] R971+.92 [文獻標識碼] A[文章編號] 1004-8650(2009)09-01-04

Effects of Nicotine on Scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial working memory in rats and mice in water maze performance

ZHANG Zhao-xia， HUANG Qi-tao， YE Er-jia， WANG Chuang， CHENG Yu-fang，XU Jiang-ping*

(Department of Pharmacology，school of pharmaceutical sciences， Southern Medical University，Guangzhou 510515)

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effects ofNicotine on rats and mice. Methods① 40 SD rats were divided into four groups randomly，they were control group， model group(Scopolamine induced)， low-dose of Nicotine group and high-dose of Nicotine group.Spatial working memory performance was measured by the Morris water maze (MWM). On the day before training the control group and the model group were given 0.9% saline (ip); the low-dose and high-dose groups were given 0.125 mg/kg (ip) and 0.5 mg/kg (ip) of Nicotine separately. On the 8th day，30min later after the last drug administration， the model group， the low-dose group and the high-dose group were given 2 mg/kg of hydrogen bromide Scopolamine separately (ip).Then the animals were subjected to test 30min later. ②Experiment two: 56 NIH mice were divided into four groups randomly， control group， Scopolamine model group， low-dose group and high-dose group. Drug treatments were the same as those of experimental one except for the dose of 0.25 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg for low-dose group and high-dose group respectively. The memory performance of mice were measured by SMG-2 channel water maze， and swimming time(latency)and the number of errors were recorded. Results ①Experiment one:The swimming time of the model group was longer than that of the control group and the Nicotine group in the experiment of Morris water maze(P<0.05，P<0.01). ②Experiment two: The error times of model group were much more than those of the control group and the Nicotine group in the channel water maze(P<0.05，P<0.01). The swimming time of the model group was longer than that of the control group and the Nicotine group in this experiment(P<0.05，P<0.01). Conclusion ①Scopolamine can damage spatial memory of rats and mice as an M-cholinergic receptor antagonist with the appropriate dose of 2 mg/kg. ②Nicotine can improve spatial learning and memory of rats and mice. It also can weaken learning and memory damage induced by Scopolamine.

[Key Words] Nicotine;Scopolamine;spatial learning and memory;morris water maze;SMG-2 chanel water maze

眾所周知，吸煙作為一種生活習慣被認為是嚴重威脅人類健康的不良因素。煙堿作為煙草中能夠引起上癮的一種重要成分，一直以來被認為是重要……