〔摘 要〕B-K方程的莫德列夫修正式是研究文獻(xiàn)老化的重要方法之一。但人們?cè)谑褂迷撔拚綍r(shí)混淆了公式中系數(shù)的約束條件。本文從B-K方程的莫德列夫修正式出發(fā),詳細(xì)討論了公式中系數(shù)的約束條件以及它的科學(xué)意義。經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的數(shù)學(xué)推導(dǎo)得出B-K方程的莫德列夫修正式中系數(shù)a,b的第一個(gè)約束條件是ae0.1+be0.2=1,另一個(gè)約束條件為0a2e0.1且1-2e0.1b1。認(rèn)為第一個(gè)約束條件的意義是初始化約束條件,第二個(gè)約束條件的意義是文獻(xiàn)的老化來源于文獻(xiàn)的不斷增加和文獻(xiàn)自身的老化。
〔關(guān)鍵詞〕文獻(xiàn)老化;B-K方程的修正式;約束條件
〔中圖分類號(hào)〕G350 〔文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼〕A 〔文章編號(hào)〕1008-0821(2009)09-0015-02
On the Restraint Conditions of Coefficient of
B-K Equation Modified by МОТIЛеВChen Jinglian
(Library,Jinggangshan University,Ji’an 343009,China)
〔Abstract〕B-K equation modified by МОТIЛеВ is an important method to study literature obsolescence.However,the restraint conditions of coefficients of modified B-K equation were confused when it was studied.The restraint conditions of a and b in the modified equation and its meanings were discussed in this paper.By way of strict mathematic derivation the restraint conditions of a,b is ae0.1+be0.2=1,0a2e0.1 and 1-2e0.1b1 in modified B-K equation,respectively.It was thought thatthe science meaning of the first restraint condition was an initial restraint c ondition;the second was thought that literature obsolescence resulted from incre asing literature and value of literature itself decreasing with time.
〔Key words〕literature obsolescence;modified B-K equation;restraint condition
文獻(xiàn)老化(Literature obsolescence)這一概念是由Gosnell[1]于1943年最先提出來的。文獻(xiàn)老化是指文獻(xiàn)隨其“年齡”的增長,其內(nèi)容日益變得陳舊過時(shí),作為情報(bào)源的價(jià)值不斷衰減,甚至完全喪失其利用價(jià)值[2]。文獻(xiàn)老化是文獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)的普遍規(guī)律之一,它從文獻(xiàn)利用率隨時(shí)間而衰減的角度揭示了科學(xué)發(fā)展的規(guī)律。
現(xiàn)在,在科技文獻(xiàn)老化研究中應(yīng)用最廣泛的模型和理論主要有Burton-Kebler方程(簡稱為B-K方程)[3]和莫德列夫?qū)-K方程的修正(簡稱為B-K方程的莫德列夫修正式)。但人們?cè)趯?shí)際應(yīng)用過程時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)B-K方程的擬合結(jié)果并不理想,其理論計(jì)算值與實(shí)際統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果之間存在著顯著差異[4]。為了解決這個(gè)問題,前蘇聯(lián)學(xué)者莫德列夫(B.M.МОТIЛеВ)于1982年提出了B-K方程的修正式。雖然B-K方程的莫德列夫修正式在理論計(jì)算上比B-K方程有所改進(jìn),但對(duì)該修正式的作用和約束條件還存在著不同的看法。……